@ -1,483 +0,0 @@ | |||||
@PREAMBLE{ | |||||
"\providecommand{\noopsort}[1]{}" | |||||
# "\providecommand{\singleletter}[1]{#1}%" | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOK{Bire82, | |||||
author = {N. D. Birell and P. C. W. Davies}, | |||||
year = 1982, | |||||
title = {Quantum Fields in Curved Space}, | |||||
publisher = {Cambridge University Press} | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{feyn54, | |||||
author = "R. P. Feynman", | |||||
year = "1954", | |||||
journal = "Phys.\ Rev.", | |||||
volume = "94", | |||||
pages = "262", | |||||
doi = "10.1029/2002JD002268", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{epr, | |||||
author = "A. Einstein and {\relax Yu} Podolsky and N. Rosen", | |||||
year = "1935", | |||||
journal = "Phys.\ Rev.", | |||||
volume = "47", | |||||
pages = "777", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Berman1983, | |||||
author = "Berman, Jr., G. P. and Izrailev, Jr., F. M.", | |||||
title = "Stability of nonlinear modes", | |||||
journal = "Physica D", | |||||
volume = "88", | |||||
pages = "445", | |||||
year = "1983", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Davies1998, | |||||
author = "E. B. Davies and L. Parns", | |||||
title = "Trapped modes in acoustic waveguides", | |||||
journal = "Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math.", | |||||
volume = "51", | |||||
pages = "477--492", | |||||
year = "1988", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{witten2001, | |||||
author = "Edward Witten", | |||||
eprint = "hep-th/0106109", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{Beutler1994, | |||||
author = "E. Beutler", | |||||
editor = "E. Beutler and M. A. Lichtman and B. W. Coller and T. S. Kipps", | |||||
title = "Williams Hematology", | |||||
chapter = "7", | |||||
pages = "654--662", | |||||
publisher = "McGraw-Hill", | |||||
year = "1994", | |||||
edition = "5", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "2", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{inbook-full, | |||||
author = "Donald E. Knuth", | |||||
title = "Fundamental Algorithms", | |||||
volume = 1, | |||||
series = "The Art of Computer Programming", | |||||
publisher = "Addison-Wesley", | |||||
address = "Reading, Massachusetts", | |||||
edition = "Second", | |||||
month = "10~" # jan, | |||||
year = "\noopsort{1973b}1973", | |||||
type = "Section", | |||||
chapter = "1.2", | |||||
pages = "10--119", | |||||
note = "A full INBOOK entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Smith2005, | |||||
author = "J. S. Smith and G. W. Johnson", | |||||
journal = "Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
year = "2005", | |||||
volume = "777", | |||||
pages = "1395", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Smith2010, | |||||
author = "W. J. Smith and T. J. Johnson and B. G. Miller", | |||||
title = "Surface chemistry and preferential crystal orientation on a silicon surface", | |||||
note = "{J. Appl. Phys.} (unpublished)", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Smith2010a, | |||||
author = "V. K. Smith and K. Johnson and M. O. Klein", | |||||
title = "Surface chemistry and preferential crystal orientation on a silicon surface", | |||||
note = "{J. Appl. Phys.} (submitted)", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{unpublished-full, | |||||
author = "Ulrich {\"{U}}nderwood and Ned {\~N}et and Paul {\={P}}ot", | |||||
title = "Lower Bounds for Wishful Research Results", | |||||
month = nov # ", " # dec, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "Talk at Fanstord University (A full UNPUBLISHED entry)", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{JohnsonMillerSmith2007, | |||||
author = "M. P. Johnson and K. L. Miller and K. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
howpublished = "personal communication", | |||||
month = "1~" # may, | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{Smith2007, | |||||
title = "AIP Conf. Proc.", | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
editor = "J. Smith", | |||||
volume = "841", | |||||
number = "21", | |||||
series = "", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
organization = "", | |||||
publisher = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{proceedings-full, | |||||
editor = "Wizard V. Oz and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
title = "Proc. Fifteenth Annual", | |||||
number = 17, | |||||
series = "All ACM Conferences", | |||||
month = mar, | |||||
year = 1983, | |||||
address = "Boston", | |||||
organization = "ACM", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
note = "A full PROCEEDINGS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Burstyn2004, | |||||
author = "Y. Burstyn", | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the 5th International Molecular Beam Epitaxy Conference, Santa Fe, NM}", | |||||
note = "(unpublished)", | |||||
month = "5--8~" # oct, | |||||
year = "2004", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{Quinn2001, | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the 2003 Particle Accelerator Conference, Portland, OR, 12-16 May 2005}", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
editor = "B. Quinn", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
publisher = "Wiley", | |||||
note = "Albeit the conference was held in 2005, it was the 2003 conference, and the proceedings were published in 2001; go figure", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Agarwal2001, | |||||
author = "A. G. Agarwal", | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the Fifth Low Temperature Conference, Madison, WI, 1999}", | |||||
journal = "Semiconductors", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
volume = "66", | |||||
pages = "1238", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{SmithDA01, | |||||
author = "R. Smith", | |||||
title = "Hummingbirds are our friends", | |||||
journal = {J. Appl. Phys. (these proceedings)}, | |||||
year = "", | |||||
volume = "", | |||||
number = "", | |||||
pages = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "Abstract No. DA-01", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Smith2007a, | |||||
author = "J. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
journal = "Proc. SPIE", | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
volume = "124", | |||||
pages = "367", | |||||
note = "Required title is missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{techreport-full, | |||||
author = "Tom T{\'{e}}rrific", | |||||
title = "An {$O(n \log n / \! \log\log n)$} Sorting Algorithm", | |||||
institution = "Fanstord University", | |||||
type = "Wishful Research Result", | |||||
number = "7", | |||||
address = "Computer Science Department, Fanstord, California", | |||||
month = oct, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full TECHREPORT entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{Nelson1999, | |||||
author = "J. Nelson", | |||||
type = "{TWI Report}", | |||||
number = "666/1999", | |||||
institution = "", | |||||
year = jan # "~1999", | |||||
note = "Required institution missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{Fields2005, | |||||
author = "W. K. Fields", | |||||
type = "{ECE Report No.}", | |||||
number = "AL944", | |||||
institution = "", | |||||
year = "2005", | |||||
note = "Required institution missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{Zalkins2008, | |||||
author = "Y. M. Zalkins", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
howpublished = "e-print arXiv:cond-mat/040426", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "2008", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{Nelson2005, | |||||
author = "J. Nelson", | |||||
howpublished = "{U.S. Patent No.} 5,693,000", | |||||
year = "12~" # dec # "~2005", | |||||
} | |||||
@MASTERSTHESIS{Nelson1999a, | |||||
author = "J. K. Nelson", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
school = "New York University", | |||||
year = "1999", | |||||
type = "M.{S}. thesis", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@MASTERSTHESIS{mastersthesis-full, | |||||
author = "{\'{E}}douard Masterly", | |||||
title = "Mastering Thesis Writing", | |||||
school = "Stanford University", | |||||
type = "Master's project", | |||||
address = "English Department", | |||||
month = jun # "-" # aug, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full MASTERSTHESIS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@PHDTHESIS{Smith2003, | |||||
author = "S. M. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
school = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", | |||||
year = "2003", | |||||
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{KawaLin2003, | |||||
author = "S. R. Kawa and S.-J. Lin", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
journal = "J. Geophys. Res.", | |||||
year = "2003", | |||||
volume = "108", | |||||
number = "D6", | |||||
pages = "4201", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "{DOI:10.1029/2002JD002268}", | |||||
} | |||||
@PHDTHESIS{phdthesis-full, | |||||
author = "F. Phidias Phony-Baloney", | |||||
title = "Fighting Fire with Fire: Festooning {F}rench Phrases", | |||||
school = "Fanstord University", | |||||
type = "{PhD} Dissertation", | |||||
address = "Department of French", | |||||
month = jun # "-" # aug, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full PHDTHESIS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOK{book-full, | |||||
author = "Donald E. Knuth", | |||||
title = "Seminumerical Algorithms", | |||||
volume = 2, | |||||
series = "The Art of Computer Programming", | |||||
publisher = "Addison-Wesley", | |||||
address = "Reading, Massachusetts", | |||||
edition = "Second", | |||||
month = "10~" # jan, | |||||
year = "\noopsort{1973c}1981", | |||||
note = "A full BOOK entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOKLET{booklet-full, | |||||
author = "Jill C. Knvth", | |||||
title = "The Programming of Computer Art", | |||||
howpublished = "Vernier Art Center", | |||||
address = "Stanford, California", | |||||
month = feb, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full BOOKLET entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{ballagh2000, | |||||
author = "R. Ballagh and C.M. Savage", | |||||
editor = "C.M. Savage and M. Das", | |||||
title = "Bose-Einstein condensation: from atomic physics to quantum fluids, Proceedings of the 13th Physics Summer School", | |||||
year = "2000", | |||||
publisher = "World Scientific", | |||||
address = "Singapore", | |||||
eprint = "cond-mat/0008070", | |||||
} | |||||
@inBook{Magnetism, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
} | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
@INPROCEEDINGS{Magnetismb, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{Smith80, | |||||
author = "J. M. Smith", | |||||
title = "Molecular Dynamics", | |||||
publisher = "Academic", | |||||
year = "1980", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
editor = "C. Brown", | |||||
} | |||||
@article{ZS71, | |||||
author = "V. E. Zakharov and A. B. Shabat", | |||||
year = "1971", | |||||
title = "Exact theory of two-dimensional self-focusing and one-dimensional self-modulation of waves in nonlinear media", | |||||
journal = "Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.", | |||||
volume = "61", | |||||
pages = "118--134", | |||||
translation = "Sov. Phys. JETP \textbf{34}, 62 (1972)" | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Beutler1994a, | |||||
author = "E. Beutler", | |||||
year = "1994", | |||||
booktitle = "Williams Hematology", | |||||
edition = "5", | |||||
chapter = "7", | |||||
editor = "E. Beutler and M. A. Lichtman and B. W. Coller and T. S. Kipps", | |||||
publisher = "McGraw-Hill", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "2", | |||||
pages = "654--662", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{ballagh2000a, | |||||
author = "R. Ballagh and C.M. Savage", | |||||
year = "2000", | |||||
title = "Bose-Einstein condensation: from atomic physics to quantum fluids", | |||||
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 13th Physics Summer School", | |||||
editor = "C.M. Savage and M. Das", | |||||
publisher = "World Scientific", | |||||
address = "Singapore", | |||||
eprint = "cond-mat/0008070", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Magnetisma, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Smith80a, | |||||
author = "J. M. Smith", | |||||
year = "1980", | |||||
booktitle = "Molecular Dynamics", | |||||
editor = "C. Brown", | |||||
publisher = "Academic", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{incollection-full, | |||||
key = "incol-ful", | |||||
author = "Daniel D. Lincoll", | |||||
year = 1977, | |||||
title = "Semigroups of Recurrences", | |||||
booktitle = "High Speed Computer and Algorithm Organization", | |||||
edition = "Third", | |||||
series = "Fast Computers", | |||||
number = 23, | |||||
chapter = 3, | |||||
type = "Part", | |||||
editor = "David J. Lipcoll and D. H. Lawrie and A. H. Sameh", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
month = sep, | |||||
pages = "179--183", | |||||
note = "A full INCOLLECTION entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@INPROCEEDINGS{inproceedings-full, | |||||
author = "Alfred V. Oaho and Jeffrey D. Ullman and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
title = "On Notions of Information Transfer in {VLSI} Circuits", | |||||
editor = "Wizard V. Oz and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
booktitle = "Proc. Fifteenth Annual ACM", | |||||
number = 17, | |||||
series = "All ACM Conferences", | |||||
pages = "133--139", | |||||
month = mar, | |||||
year = 1983, | |||||
address = "Boston", | |||||
organization = "ACM", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
note = "A full INPROCEDINGS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@MANUAL{manual-full, | |||||
author = "Larry Manmaker", | |||||
title = "The Definitive Computer Manual", | |||||
organization = "Chips-R-Us", | |||||
address = "Silicon Valley", | |||||
edition = "Silver", | |||||
month = apr # "-" # may, | |||||
year = 1986, | |||||
note = "A full MANUAL entry", | |||||
} |
@ -1,616 +0,0 @@ | |||||
% ****** Start of file aapmsamp.tex ****** | |||||
% | |||||
% This file is part of the AAPM files in the AAPM distribution for REVTeX 4-2. | |||||
% Version 4.2a of REVTeX, January 2015 | |||||
% | |||||
% Copyright (c) 2015 American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM). | |||||
% | |||||
% See the AAPM README file for restrictions and more information. | |||||
% | |||||
% TeX'ing this file requires that you have AMS-LaTeX 2.0 installed | |||||
% as well as the rest of the prerequisites for REVTeX 4.2 | |||||
% | |||||
% It also requires running BibTeX. The commands are as follows: | |||||
% | |||||
% 1) latex aapmsamp | |||||
% 2) bibtex aapmsamp | |||||
% 3) latex aapmsamp | |||||
% 4) latex aapmsamp | |||||
% | |||||
% Use this file as a source of example code for your aapm document. | |||||
% Use the file aapmtemplate.tex as a template for your document. | |||||
\documentclass[% | |||||
aapm, | |||||
mph,% | |||||
amsmath,amssymb, | |||||
%preprint,% | |||||
reprint,% | |||||
%author-year,% | |||||
%author-numerical,% | |||||
]{revtex4-2} | |||||
\usepackage{graphicx}% Include figure files | |||||
\usepackage{dcolumn}% Align table columns on decimal point | |||||
\usepackage{bm}% bold math | |||||
\usepackage[mathlines]{lineno}% Enable numbering of text and display math | |||||
\modulolinenumbers[5]% Line numbers with a gap of 5 lines | |||||
\linenumbers\relax % Commence numbering lines | |||||
\begin{document} | |||||
\preprint{AAPM/123-QED} | |||||
\title[Sample title]{Sample Title:\\with Forced Linebreak\footnote{Error!}}% Force line breaks with \\ | |||||
\thanks{Footnote to title of article.} | |||||
\author{A. Author} | |||||
\altaffiliation[Also at ]{Physics Department, XYZ University.}%Lines break automatically or can be forced with \\ | |||||
\author{B. Author}% | |||||
\email{Second.Author@institution.edu.} | |||||
\affiliation{ | |||||
Authors' institution and/or address%\\This line break forced with \textbackslash\textbackslash | |||||
}% | |||||
\author{C. Author} | |||||
\homepage{http://www.Second.institution.edu/~Charlie.Author.} | |||||
\affiliation{% | |||||
Second institution and/or address%\\This line break forced% with \\ | |||||
}% | |||||
\date{\today}% It is always \today, today, | |||||
% but any date may be explicitly specified | |||||
\begin{abstract} | |||||
An article usually includes an abstract, a concise summary of the work | |||||
covered at length in the main body of the article. It is used for | |||||
secondary publications and for information retrieval purposes. | |||||
% | |||||
\end{abstract} | |||||
\keywords{Suggested keywords}%Use showkeys class option if keyword | |||||
%display desired | |||||
\maketitle | |||||
\begin{quotation} | |||||
The ``lead paragraph'' is encapsulated with the \LaTeX\ | |||||
\verb+quotation+ environment and is formatted as a single paragraph before the first section heading. | |||||
(The \verb+quotation+ environment reverts to its usual meaning after the first sectioning command.) | |||||
Note that numbered references are allowed in the lead paragraph. | |||||
% | |||||
The lead paragraph will only be found in an article being prepared for the journal \textit{Chaos}. | |||||
\end{quotation} | |||||
\section{\label{sec:level1}First-level heading:\protect\\ The line | |||||
break was forced \lowercase{via} \textbackslash\textbackslash} | |||||
This sample document demonstrates proper use of REV\TeX~4.2 (and | |||||
\LaTeXe) in manuscripts prepared for submission to AAPM | |||||
journals. Further information can be found in the documentation included in the distribution or available at | |||||
\url{http://www.aapm.org} and in the documentation for | |||||
REV\TeX~4.2 itself. | |||||
When commands are referred to in this example file, they are always | |||||
shown with their required arguments, using normal \TeX{} format. In | |||||
this format, \verb+#1+, \verb+#2+, etc. stand for required | |||||
author-supplied arguments to commands. For example, in | |||||
\verb+\section{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ stands for the title text of the | |||||
author's section heading, and in \verb+\title{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ | |||||
stands for the title text of the paper. | |||||
Line breaks in section headings at all levels can be introduced using | |||||
\textbackslash\textbackslash. A blank input line tells \TeX\ that the | |||||
paragraph has ended. | |||||
\subsection{\label{sec:level2}Second-level heading: Formatting} | |||||
This file may be formatted in both the \texttt{preprint} (the default) and | |||||
\texttt{reprint} styles; the latter format may be used to | |||||
mimic final journal output. In addition, there is another | |||||
option available, \texttt{lengthcheck}, which formats the document as closely | |||||
as possible to an actual journal article, to facilitate the author's | |||||
performance of a length check. Either format may be used for submission | |||||
purposes; however, for peer review and production, AAPM will format the | |||||
article using the \texttt{preprint} class option. Hence, it is | |||||
essential that authors check that their manuscripts format acceptably | |||||
under \texttt{preprint}. Manuscripts submitted to AAPM that do not | |||||
format correctly under the \texttt{preprint} option may be delayed in | |||||
both the editorial and production processes. | |||||
The \texttt{widetext} environment will make the text the width of the | |||||
full page, as on page~\pageref{eq:wideeq}. (Note the use the | |||||
\verb+\pageref{#1}+ to get the page number right automatically.) The | |||||
width-changing commands only take effect in \texttt{twocolumn} | |||||
formatting. It has no effect if \texttt{preprint} formatting is chosen | |||||
instead. | |||||
\subsubsection{\label{sec:level3}Third-level heading: Citations and Footnotes} | |||||
Citations in text refer to entries in the Bibliography; | |||||
they use the commands \verb+\cite{#1}+ or \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+. | |||||
Because REV\TeX\ uses the \verb+natbib+ package of Patrick Daly, | |||||
its entire repertoire of commands are available in your document; | |||||
see the \verb+natbib+ documentation for further details. | |||||
The argument of \verb+\cite+ is a comma-separated list of \emph{keys}; | |||||
a key may consist of letters and numerals. | |||||
By default, AAPM citations are numerical; \cite{feyn54} | |||||
to give a textual citation, use \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+: (Refs.~\onlinecite{witten2001,epr,Bire82}). | |||||
REV\TeX\ ``collapses'' lists of consecutive numerical citations when appropriate. | |||||
To illustrate, we cite several together \cite{feyn54,witten2001,epr,Berman1983}, | |||||
and once again (Refs.~\onlinecite{epr,feyn54,Bire82,Berman1983}). | |||||
Note that, when numerical citations are used, the references were sorted into the same order they appear in the bibliography. | |||||
A reference within the bibliography is specified with a \verb+\bibitem{#1}+ command, | |||||
where the argument is the citation key mentioned above. | |||||
\verb+\bibitem{#1}+ commands may be crafted by hand or, preferably, | |||||
generated by using Bib\TeX. | |||||
The AAPM styles for REV\TeX~4 include Bib\TeX\ style file | |||||
\verb+aapmrev4-2.bst+, appropriate for | |||||
numbered bibliography. | |||||
REV\TeX~4 will automatically choose the style appropriate for | |||||
the document's selected class options: the default is numerical. | |||||
This sample file demonstrates a simple use of Bib\TeX\ | |||||
via a \verb+\bibliography+ command referencing the \verb+aapmsamp.bib+ file. | |||||
Running Bib\TeX\ (in this case \texttt{bibtex | |||||
aapmsamp}) after the first pass of \LaTeX\ produces the file | |||||
\verb+aapmsamp.bbl+ which contains the automatically formatted | |||||
\verb+\bibitem+ commands (including extra markup information via | |||||
\verb+\bibinfo+ commands). If not using Bib\TeX, the | |||||
\verb+thebibiliography+ environment should be used instead. | |||||
\paragraph{Fourth-level heading is run in.}% | |||||
Footnotes are produced using the \verb+\footnote{#1}+ command. | |||||
Numerical style citations put footnotes into the | |||||
bibliography\footnote{Automatically placing footnotes into the bibliography requires using BibTeX to compile the bibliography.}. | |||||
Note: due to the method used to place footnotes in the bibliography, \emph{you | |||||
must re-run BibTeX every time you change any of your document's | |||||
footnotes}. | |||||
\section{Math and Equations} | |||||
Inline math may be typeset using the \verb+$+ delimiters. Bold math | |||||
symbols may be achieved using the \verb+bm+ package and the | |||||
\verb+\bm{#1}+ command it supplies. For instance, a bold $\alpha$ can | |||||
be typeset as \verb+$\bm{\alpha}$+ giving $\bm{\alpha}$. Fraktur and | |||||
Blackboard (or open face or double struck) characters should be | |||||
typeset using the \verb+\mathfrak{#1}+ and \verb+\mathbb{#1}+ commands | |||||
respectively. Both are supplied by the \texttt{amssymb} package. For | |||||
example, \verb+$\mathbb{R}$+ gives $\mathbb{R}$ and | |||||
\verb+$\mathfrak{G}$+ gives $\mathfrak{G}$ | |||||
In \LaTeX\ there are many different ways to display equations, and a | |||||
few preferred ways are noted below. Displayed math will flush left by | |||||
default. | |||||
Below we have numbered single-line equations, the most common kind: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
\chi_+(p)\alt{\bf [}2|{\bf p}|(|{\bf p}|+p_z){\bf ]}^{-1/2} | |||||
\left( | |||||
\begin{array}{c} | |||||
|{\bf p}|+p_z\\ | |||||
px+ip_y | |||||
\end{array}\right)\;, | |||||
\\ | |||||
\left\{% | |||||
\openone234567890abc123\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% | |||||
\right\}% | |||||
\label{eq:one}. | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
Note the open one in Eq.~(\ref{eq:one}). | |||||
Not all numbered equations will fit within a narrow column this | |||||
way. The equation number will move down automatically if it cannot fit | |||||
on the same line with a one-line equation: | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
\left\{ | |||||
ab12345678abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% | |||||
\right\}. | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
When the \verb+\label{#1}+ command is used [cf. input for | |||||
Eq.~(\ref{eq:one})], the equation can be referred to in text without | |||||
knowing the equation number that \TeX\ will assign to it. Just | |||||
use \verb+\ref{#1}+, where \verb+#1+ is the same name that used in | |||||
the \verb+\label{#1}+ command. | |||||
Unnumbered single-line equations can be typeset | |||||
using the \verb+\[+, \verb+\]+ format: | |||||
\[g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow | |||||
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \] | |||||
\subsection{Multiline equations} | |||||
Multiline equations are obtained by using the \verb+eqnarray+ | |||||
environment. Use the \verb+\nonumber+ command at the end of each line | |||||
to avoid assigning a number: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1} | |||||
\delta_{\sigma_1,-\sigma_2} | |||||
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\ | |||||
&&\times | |||||
[\epsilon_jl_i\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1), | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2} | |||||
(N^2-1)\nonumber \\ | |||||
& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right) | |||||
\sum_{\text{perm}} | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}} | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}} | |||||
\sum_\tau c^f_\tau~. | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\textbf{Note:} Do not use \verb+\label{#1}+ on a line of a multiline | |||||
equation if \verb+\nonumber+ is also used on that line. Incorrect | |||||
cross-referencing will result. Notice the use \verb+\text{#1}+ for | |||||
using a Roman font within a math environment. | |||||
To set a multiline equation without \emph{any} equation | |||||
numbers, use the \verb+\begin{eqnarray*}+, | |||||
\verb+\end{eqnarray*}+ format: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray*} | |||||
\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2} | |||||
(N^2-1)\\ | |||||
& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right) | |||||
\left( | |||||
\sum_{\text{perm}}\frac{1}{S_{12}S_{23}S_{n1}} | |||||
\right) | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}}~. | |||||
\end{eqnarray*} | |||||
To obtain numbers not normally produced by the automatic numbering, | |||||
use the \verb+\tag{#1}+ command, where \verb+#1+ is the desired | |||||
equation number. For example, to get an equation number of | |||||
(\ref{eq:mynum}), | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow | |||||
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \tag{2.6$'$}\label{eq:mynum} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
A few notes on \verb=\tag{#1}=. \verb+\tag{#1}+ requires | |||||
\texttt{amsmath}. The \verb+\tag{#1}+ must come before the | |||||
\verb+\label{#1}+, if any. The numbering set with \verb+\tag{#1}+ is | |||||
\textit{transparent} to the automatic numbering in REV\TeX{}; | |||||
therefore, the number must be known ahead of time, and it must be | |||||
manually adjusted if other equations are added. \verb+\tag{#1}+ works | |||||
with both single-line and multiline equations. \verb+\tag{#1}+ should | |||||
only be used in exceptional case - do not use it to number all | |||||
equations in a paper. | |||||
Note the equation number gets reset again: | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
g^+g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow | |||||
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
Enclosing single-line and multiline equations in | |||||
\verb+\begin{subequations}+ and \verb+\end{subequations}+ will produce | |||||
a set of equations that are ``numbered'' with letters, as shown in | |||||
Eqs.~(\ref{subeq:1}) and (\ref{subeq:2}) below: | |||||
\begin{subequations} | |||||
\label{eq:whole} | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
\left\{ | |||||
abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2} | |||||
\right\},\label{subeq:1} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1} | |||||
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\ | |||||
&&\times | |||||
[\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1).\label{subeq:2} | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\end{subequations} | |||||
Putting a \verb+\label{#1}+ command right after the | |||||
\verb+\begin{subequations}+, allows one to | |||||
reference all the equations in a subequations environment. For | |||||
example, the equations in the preceding subequations environment were | |||||
Eqs.~(\ref{eq:whole}). | |||||
\subsubsection{Wide equations} | |||||
The equation that follows is set in a wide format, i.e., it spans | |||||
across the full page. The wide format is reserved for long equations | |||||
that cannot be easily broken into four lines or less: | |||||
\begin{widetext} | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
{\cal R}^{(\text{d})}= | |||||
g_{\sigma_2}^e | |||||
\left( | |||||
\frac{[\Gamma^Z(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
+\frac{[\Gamma^Z(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
\right) | |||||
+ x_WQ_e | |||||
\left( | |||||
\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
+\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
\right)\;. \label{eq:wideeq} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\end{widetext} | |||||
This is typed to show the output is in wide format. | |||||
(Since there is no input line between \verb+\equation+ and | |||||
this paragraph, there is no paragraph indent for this paragraph.) | |||||
\section{Cross-referencing} | |||||
REV\TeX{} will automatically number sections, equations, figure | |||||
captions, and tables. In order to reference them in text, use the | |||||
\verb+\label{#1}+ and \verb+\ref{#1}+ commands. To reference a | |||||
particular page, use the \verb+\pageref{#1}+ command. | |||||
The \verb+\label{#1}+ should appear in a section heading, within an | |||||
equation, or in a table or figure caption. The \verb+\ref{#1}+ command | |||||
is used in the text where the citation is to be displayed. Some | |||||
examples: Section~\ref{sec:level1} on page~\pageref{sec:level1}, | |||||
Table~\ref{tab:table1},% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table1}This is a narrow table which fits into a | |||||
text column when using \texttt{twocolumn} formatting. Note that | |||||
REV\TeX~4 adjusts the intercolumn spacing so that the table fills the | |||||
entire width of the column. Table captions are numbered | |||||
automatically. This table illustrates left-aligned, centered, and | |||||
right-aligned columns. } | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{lcr} | |||||
Left\footnote{Note a.}&Centered\footnote{Note b.}&Right\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
1 & 2 & 3\\ | |||||
10 & 20 & 30\\ | |||||
100 & 200 & 300\\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
and Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}. | |||||
\section{Figures and Tables} | |||||
Figures and tables are typically ``floats''; \LaTeX\ determines their | |||||
final position via placement rules. | |||||
\LaTeX\ isn't always successful in automatically placing floats where you wish them. | |||||
Figures are marked up with the \texttt{figure} environment, the content of which | |||||
imports the image (\verb+\includegraphics+) followed by the figure caption (\verb+\caption+). | |||||
The argument of the latter command should itself contain a \verb+\label+ command if you | |||||
wish to refer to your figure with \verb+\ref+. | |||||
Import your image using either the \texttt{graphics} or | |||||
\texttt{graphix} packages. These packages both define the | |||||
\verb+\includegraphics{#1}+ command, but they differ in the optional | |||||
arguments for specifying the orientation, scaling, and translation of the figure. | |||||
Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}% | |||||
\begin{figure} | |||||
\includegraphics{fig_1}% Here is how to import EPS art | |||||
\caption{\label{fig:epsart} A figure caption. The figure captions are | |||||
automatically numbered.} | |||||
\end{figure} | |||||
is small enough to fit in a single column, while | |||||
Fig.~\ref{fig:wide}% | |||||
\begin{figure*} | |||||
\includegraphics{fig_2}% Here is how to import EPS art | |||||
\caption{\label{fig:wide}Use the \texttt{figure*} environment to get a wide | |||||
figure, spanning the page in \texttt{twocolumn} formatting.} | |||||
\end{figure*} | |||||
is too wide for a single column, | |||||
so instead the \texttt{figure*} environment has been used. | |||||
The analog of the \texttt{figure} environment is \texttt{table}, which uses | |||||
the same \verb+\caption+ command. | |||||
However, you should type your caption command first within the \texttt{table}, | |||||
instead of last as you did for \texttt{figure}. | |||||
The heart of any table is the \texttt{tabular} environment, | |||||
which represents the table content as a (vertical) sequence of table rows, | |||||
each containing a (horizontal) sequence of table cells. | |||||
Cells are separated by the \verb+&+ character; | |||||
the row terminates with \verb+\\+. | |||||
The required argument for the \texttt{tabular} environment | |||||
specifies how data are displayed in each of the columns. | |||||
For instance, a column | |||||
may be centered (\verb+c+), left-justified (\verb+l+), right-justified (\verb+r+), | |||||
or aligned on a decimal point (\verb+d+). | |||||
(Table~\ref{tab:table4}% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table4}Numbers in columns Three--Five have been | |||||
aligned by using the ``d'' column specifier (requires the | |||||
\texttt{dcolumn} package). | |||||
Non-numeric entries (those entries without | |||||
a ``.'') in a ``d'' column are aligned on the decimal point. | |||||
Use the | |||||
``D'' specifier for more complex layouts. } | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{ccddd} | |||||
One&Two&\mbox{Three}&\mbox{Four}&\mbox{Five}\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
one&two&\mbox{three}&\mbox{four}&\mbox{five}\\ | |||||
He&2& 2.77234 & 45672. & 0.69 \\ | |||||
C\footnote{Some tables require footnotes.} | |||||
&C\footnote{Some tables need more than one footnote.} | |||||
& 12537.64 & 37.66345 & 86.37 \\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
illustrates the use of decimal column alignment.) | |||||
Extra column-spacing may be be specified as well, although | |||||
REV\TeX~4 sets this spacing so that the columns fill the width of the | |||||
table. | |||||
Horizontal rules are typeset using the \verb+\hline+ | |||||
command. | |||||
The doubled (or Scotch) rules that appear at the top and | |||||
bottom of a table can be achieved by enclosing the \texttt{tabular} | |||||
environment within a \texttt{ruledtabular} environment. | |||||
Rows whose columns span multiple columns can be typeset using \LaTeX's | |||||
\verb+\multicolumn{#1}{#2}{#3}+ command | |||||
(for example, see the first row of Table~\ref{tab:table3}).% | |||||
\begin{table*} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table3}This is a wide table that spans the page | |||||
width in \texttt{twocolumn} mode. It is formatted using the | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. It also demonstrates the use of | |||||
\textbackslash\texttt{multicolumn} in rows with entries that span | |||||
more than one column.} | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{ccccc} | |||||
&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^1$}&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^5$}\\ | |||||
Ion&1st alternative&2nd alternative&lst alternative | |||||
&2nd alternative\\ \hline | |||||
K&$(2e)+(2f)$&$(4i)$ &$(2c)+(2d)$&$(4f)$ \\ | |||||
Mn&$(2g)$\footnote{The $z$ parameter of these positions is $z\sim\frac{1}{4}$.} | |||||
&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(4e)$&$(2a)+(2b)$\\ | |||||
Cl&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(2g)$\footnote{This is a footnote in a table that spans the full page | |||||
width in \texttt{twocolumn} mode. It is supposed to set on the full width of the page, just as the caption does. } | |||||
&$(4e)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
He&$(8r)^{\text{a}}$&$(4j)^{\text{a}}$&$(4g)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
Ag& &$(4k)^{\text{a}}$& &$(4h)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table*} | |||||
The tables in this document illustrate various effects. | |||||
Tables that fit in a narrow column are contained in a \texttt{table} | |||||
environment. | |||||
Table~\ref{tab:table3} is a wide table, therefore set with the | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. | |||||
Lengthy tables may need to break across pages. | |||||
A simple way to allow this is to specify | |||||
the \verb+[H]+ float placement on the \texttt{table} or | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. | |||||
Alternatively, using the standard \LaTeXe\ package \texttt{longtable} | |||||
gives more control over how tables break and allows headers and footers | |||||
to be specified for each page of the table. | |||||
An example of the use of \texttt{longtable} can be found | |||||
in the file \texttt{summary.tex} that is included with the REV\TeX~4 | |||||
distribution. | |||||
There are two methods for setting footnotes within a table (these | |||||
footnotes will be displayed directly below the table rather than at | |||||
the bottom of the page or in the bibliography). | |||||
The easiest | |||||
and preferred method is just to use the \verb+\footnote{#1}+ | |||||
command. This will automatically enumerate the footnotes with | |||||
lowercase roman letters. | |||||
However, it is sometimes necessary to have | |||||
multiple entries in the table share the same footnote. | |||||
In this case, | |||||
create the footnotes using | |||||
\verb+\footnotemark[#1]+ and \verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+. | |||||
\texttt{\#1} is a numeric value. | |||||
Each time the same value for \texttt{\#1} is used, | |||||
the same mark is produced in the table. | |||||
The \verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+ commands are placed after the \texttt{tabular} | |||||
environment. | |||||
Examine the \LaTeX\ source and output for Tables~\ref{tab:table1} and | |||||
\ref{tab:table2}% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table2}A table with more columns still fits | |||||
properly in a column. Note that several entries share the same | |||||
footnote. Inspect the \LaTeX\ input for this table to see | |||||
exactly how it is done.} | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc} | |||||
&$r_c$ (\AA)&$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$& | |||||
&$r_c$ (\AA) &$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
Cu& 0.800 & 14.10 & 2.550 &Sn\footnotemark[1] | |||||
& 0.680 & 1.870 & 3.700 \\ | |||||
Ag& 0.990 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Pb\footnotemark[2] | |||||
& 0.450 & 1.930 & 3.760 \\ | |||||
Au& 1.150 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Ca\footnotemark[3] | |||||
& 0.750 & 2.170 & 3.560 \\ | |||||
Mg& 0.490 & 17.60 & 3.200 &Sr\footnotemark[4] | |||||
& 0.900 & 2.370 & 3.720 \\ | |||||
Zn& 0.300 & 15.20 & 2.970 &Li\footnotemark[2] | |||||
& 0.380 & 1.730 & 2.830 \\ | |||||
Cd& 0.530 & 17.10 & 3.160 &Na\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 0.760 & 2.110 & 3.120 \\ | |||||
Hg& 0.550 & 17.80 & 3.220 &K\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 1.120 & 2.620 & 3.480 \\ | |||||
Al& 0.230 & 15.80 & 3.240 &Rb\footnotemark[3] | |||||
& 1.330 & 2.800 & 3.590 \\ | |||||
Ga& 0.310 & 16.70 & 3.330 &Cs\footnotemark[4] | |||||
& 1.420 & 3.030 & 3.740 \\ | |||||
In& 0.460 & 18.40 & 3.500 &Ba\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 0.960 & 2.460 & 3.780 \\ | |||||
Tl& 0.480 & 18.90 & 3.550 & & & & \\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\footnotetext[1]{Here's the first, from Ref.~\onlinecite{feyn54}.} | |||||
\footnotetext[2]{Here's the second.} | |||||
\footnotetext[3]{Here's the third.} | |||||
\footnotetext[4]{Here's the fourth.} | |||||
\footnotetext[5]{And etc.} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
for an illustration. | |||||
All AAPM journals require that the initial citation of | |||||
figures or tables be in numerical order. | |||||
\LaTeX's automatic numbering of floats is your friend here: | |||||
just put each \texttt{figure} environment immediately following | |||||
its first reference (\verb+\ref+), as we have done in this example file. | |||||
\begin{acknowledgments} | |||||
We wish to acknowledge the support of the author community in using | |||||
REV\TeX{}, offering suggestions and encouragement, testing new versions, | |||||
\dots. | |||||
\end{acknowledgments} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{Appendixes} | |||||
To start the appendixes, use the \verb+\appendix+ command. | |||||
This signals that all following section commands refer to appendixes | |||||
instead of regular sections. Therefore, the \verb+\appendix+ command | |||||
should be used only once---to set up the section commands to act as | |||||
appendixes. Thereafter normal section commands are used. The heading | |||||
for a section can be left empty. For example, | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A'' and | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{Background} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND'' | |||||
(note that the colon is set automatically). | |||||
If there is only one appendix, then the letter ``A'' should not | |||||
appear. This is suppressed by using the star version of the appendix | |||||
command (\verb+\appendix*+ in the place of \verb+\appendix+). | |||||
\section{A little more on appendixes} | |||||
Observe that this appendix was started by using | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\section{A little more on appendixes} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
Note the equation number in an appendix: | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
E=mc^2. | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\subsection{\label{app:subsec}A subsection in an appendix} | |||||
You can use a subsection or subsubsection in an appendix. Note the | |||||
numbering: we are now in Appendix~\ref{app:subsec}. | |||||
\subsubsection{\label{app:subsubsec}A subsubsection in an appendix} | |||||
Note the equation numbers in this appendix, produced with the | |||||
subequations environment: | |||||
\begin{subequations} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
E&=&mc, \label{appa} | |||||
\\ | |||||
E&=&mc^2, \label{appb} | |||||
\\ | |||||
E&\agt& mc^3. \label{appc} | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\end{subequations} | |||||
They turn out to be Eqs.~(\ref{appa}), (\ref{appb}), and (\ref{appc}). | |||||
\nocite{*} | |||||
\bibliography{aapmsamp}% Produces the bibliography via BibTeX. | |||||
\end{document} | |||||
% | |||||
% ****** End of file aapmsamp.tex ****** |
@ -1,482 +0,0 @@ | |||||
@PREAMBLE{ | |||||
"\providecommand{\noopsort}[1]{}" | |||||
# "\providecommand{\singleletter}[1]{#1}%" | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOK{Bire82, | |||||
author = {N. D. Birell and P. C. W. Davies}, | |||||
year = 1982, | |||||
title = {Quantum Fields in Curved Space}, | |||||
publisher = {Cambridge University Press} | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{feyn54, | |||||
author = "R. P. Feynman", | |||||
year = "1954", | |||||
journal = "Phys.\ Rev.", | |||||
volume = "94", | |||||
pages = "262", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{epr, | |||||
author = "A. Einstein and {\relax Yu} Podolsky and N. Rosen", | |||||
year = "1935", | |||||
journal = "Phys.\ Rev.", | |||||
volume = "47", | |||||
pages = "777", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Berman1983, | |||||
author = "Berman, Jr., G. P. and Izrailev, Jr., F. M.", | |||||
title = "Stability of nonlinear modes", | |||||
journal = "Physica D", | |||||
volume = "88", | |||||
pages = "445", | |||||
year = "1983", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Davies1998, | |||||
author = "E. B. Davies and L. Parns", | |||||
title = "Trapped modes in acoustic waveguides", | |||||
journal = "Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math.", | |||||
volume = "51", | |||||
pages = "477--492", | |||||
year = "1988", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{witten2001, | |||||
author = "Edward Witten", | |||||
eprint = "hep-th/0106109", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{Beutler1994, | |||||
author = "E. Beutler", | |||||
editor = "E. Beutler and M. A. Lichtman and B. W. Coller and T. S. Kipps", | |||||
title = "Williams Hematology", | |||||
chapter = "7", | |||||
pages = "654--662", | |||||
publisher = "McGraw-Hill", | |||||
year = "1994", | |||||
edition = "5", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "2", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{inbook-full, | |||||
author = "Donald E. Knuth", | |||||
title = "Fundamental Algorithms", | |||||
volume = 1, | |||||
series = "The Art of Computer Programming", | |||||
publisher = "Addison-Wesley", | |||||
address = "Reading, Massachusetts", | |||||
edition = "Second", | |||||
month = "10~" # jan, | |||||
year = "\noopsort{1973b}1973", | |||||
type = "Section", | |||||
chapter = "1.2", | |||||
pages = "10--119", | |||||
note = "A full INBOOK entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Smith2005, | |||||
author = "J. S. Smith and G. W. Johnson", | |||||
journal = "Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
year = "2005", | |||||
volume = "777", | |||||
pages = "1395", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Smith2010, | |||||
author = "W. J. Smith and T. J. Johnson and B. G. Miller", | |||||
title = "Surface chemistry and preferential crystal orientation on a silicon surface", | |||||
note = "{J. Appl. Phys.} (unpublished)", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Smith2010a, | |||||
author = "V. K. Smith and K. Johnson and M. O. Klein", | |||||
title = "Surface chemistry and preferential crystal orientation on a silicon surface", | |||||
note = "{J. Appl. Phys.} (submitted)", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{unpublished-full, | |||||
author = "Ulrich {\"{U}}nderwood and Ned {\~N}et and Paul {\={P}}ot", | |||||
title = "Lower Bounds for Wishful Research Results", | |||||
month = nov # ", " # dec, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "Talk at Fanstord University (A full UNPUBLISHED entry)", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{JohnsonMillerSmith2007, | |||||
author = "M. P. Johnson and K. L. Miller and K. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
howpublished = "personal communication", | |||||
month = "1~" # may, | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{Smith2007, | |||||
title = "AIP Conf. Proc.", | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
editor = "J. Smith", | |||||
volume = "841", | |||||
number = "21", | |||||
series = "", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
organization = "", | |||||
publisher = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{proceedings-full, | |||||
editor = "Wizard V. Oz and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
title = "Proc. Fifteenth Annual", | |||||
number = 17, | |||||
series = "All ACM Conferences", | |||||
month = mar, | |||||
year = 1983, | |||||
address = "Boston", | |||||
organization = "ACM", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
note = "A full PROCEEDINGS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Burstyn2004, | |||||
author = "Y. Burstyn", | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the 5th International Molecular Beam Epitaxy Conference, Santa Fe, NM}", | |||||
note = "(unpublished)", | |||||
month = "5--8~" # oct, | |||||
year = "2004", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{Quinn2001, | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the 2003 Particle Accelerator Conference, Portland, OR, 12-16 May 2005}", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
editor = "B. Quinn", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
publisher = "Wiley", | |||||
note = "Albeit the conference was held in 2005, it was the 2003 conference, and the proceedings were published in 2001; go figure", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Agarwal2001, | |||||
author = "A. G. Agarwal", | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the Fifth Low Temperature Conference, Madison, WI, 1999}", | |||||
journal = "Semiconductors", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
volume = "66", | |||||
pages = "1238", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{SmithDA01, | |||||
author = "R. Smith", | |||||
title = "Hummingbirds are our friends", | |||||
journal = {J. Appl. Phys. (these proceedings)}, | |||||
year = "", | |||||
volume = "", | |||||
number = "", | |||||
pages = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "Abstract No. DA-01", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Smith2007a, | |||||
author = "J. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
journal = "Proc. SPIE", | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
volume = "124", | |||||
pages = "367", | |||||
note = "Required title is missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{techreport-full, | |||||
author = "Tom T{\'{e}}rrific", | |||||
title = "An {$O(n \log n / \! \log\log n)$} Sorting Algorithm", | |||||
institution = "Fanstord University", | |||||
type = "Wishful Research Result", | |||||
number = "7", | |||||
address = "Computer Science Department, Fanstord, California", | |||||
month = oct, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full TECHREPORT entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{Nelson1999, | |||||
author = "J. Nelson", | |||||
type = "{TWI Report}", | |||||
number = "666/1999", | |||||
institution = "", | |||||
year = jan # "~1999", | |||||
note = "Required institution missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{Fields2005, | |||||
author = "W. K. Fields", | |||||
type = "{ECE Report No.}", | |||||
number = "AL944", | |||||
institution = "", | |||||
year = "2005", | |||||
note = "Required institution missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{Zalkins2008, | |||||
author = "Y. M. Zalkins", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
howpublished = "e-print arXiv:cond-mat/040426", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "2008", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{Nelson2005, | |||||
author = "J. Nelson", | |||||
howpublished = "{U.S. Patent No.} 5,693,000", | |||||
year = "12~" # dec # "~2005", | |||||
} | |||||
@MASTERSTHESIS{Nelson1999a, | |||||
author = "J. K. Nelson", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
school = "New York University", | |||||
year = "1999", | |||||
type = "M.{S}. thesis", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@MASTERSTHESIS{mastersthesis-full, | |||||
author = "{\'{E}}douard Masterly", | |||||
title = "Mastering Thesis Writing", | |||||
school = "Stanford University", | |||||
type = "Master's project", | |||||
address = "English Department", | |||||
month = jun # "-" # aug, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full MASTERSTHESIS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@PHDTHESIS{Smith2003, | |||||
author = "S. M. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
school = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", | |||||
year = "2003", | |||||
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{KawaLin2003, | |||||
author = "S. R. Kawa and S.-J. Lin", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
journal = "J. Geophys. Res.", | |||||
year = "2003", | |||||
volume = "108", | |||||
number = "D6", | |||||
pages = "4201", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "{DOI:10.1029/2002JD002268}", | |||||
} | |||||
@PHDTHESIS{phdthesis-full, | |||||
author = "F. Phidias Phony-Baloney", | |||||
title = "Fighting Fire with Fire: Festooning {F}rench Phrases", | |||||
school = "Fanstord University", | |||||
type = "{PhD} Dissertation", | |||||
address = "Department of French", | |||||
month = jun # "-" # aug, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full PHDTHESIS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOK{book-full, | |||||
author = "Donald E. Knuth", | |||||
title = "Seminumerical Algorithms", | |||||
volume = 2, | |||||
series = "The Art of Computer Programming", | |||||
publisher = "Addison-Wesley", | |||||
address = "Reading, Massachusetts", | |||||
edition = "Second", | |||||
month = "10~" # jan, | |||||
year = "\noopsort{1973c}1981", | |||||
note = "A full BOOK entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOKLET{booklet-full, | |||||
author = "Jill C. Knvth", | |||||
title = "The Programming of Computer Art", | |||||
howpublished = "Vernier Art Center", | |||||
address = "Stanford, California", | |||||
month = feb, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full BOOKLET entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{ballagh2000, | |||||
author = "R. Ballagh and C.M. Savage", | |||||
editor = "C.M. Savage and M. Das", | |||||
title = "Bose-Einstein condensation: from atomic physics to quantum fluids, Proceedings of the 13th Physics Summer School", | |||||
year = "2000", | |||||
publisher = "World Scientific", | |||||
address = "Singapore", | |||||
eprint = "cond-mat/0008070", | |||||
} | |||||
@inBook{Magnetism, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
} | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
@INPROCEEDINGS{Magnetismb, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{Smith80, | |||||
author = "J. M. Smith", | |||||
title = "Molecular Dynamics", | |||||
publisher = "Academic", | |||||
year = "1980", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
editor = "C. Brown", | |||||
} | |||||
@article{ZS71, | |||||
author = "V. E. Zakharov and A. B. Shabat", | |||||
year = "1971", | |||||
title = "Exact theory of two-dimensional self-focusing and one-dimensional self-modulation of waves in nonlinear media", | |||||
journal = "Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.", | |||||
volume = "61", | |||||
pages = "118--134", | |||||
translation = "Sov. Phys. JETP \textbf{34}, 62 (1972)" | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Beutler1994a, | |||||
author = "E. Beutler", | |||||
year = "1994", | |||||
booktitle = "Williams Hematology", | |||||
edition = "5", | |||||
chapter = "7", | |||||
editor = "E. Beutler and M. A. Lichtman and B. W. Coller and T. S. Kipps", | |||||
publisher = "McGraw-Hill", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "2", | |||||
pages = "654--662", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{ballagh2000a, | |||||
author = "R. Ballagh and C.M. Savage", | |||||
year = "2000", | |||||
title = "Bose-Einstein condensation: from atomic physics to quantum fluids", | |||||
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 13th Physics Summer School", | |||||
editor = "C.M. Savage and M. Das", | |||||
publisher = "World Scientific", | |||||
address = "Singapore", | |||||
eprint = "cond-mat/0008070", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Magnetisma, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Smith80a, | |||||
author = "J. M. Smith", | |||||
year = "1980", | |||||
booktitle = "Molecular Dynamics", | |||||
editor = "C. Brown", | |||||
publisher = "Academic", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{incollection-full, | |||||
key = "incol-ful", | |||||
author = "Daniel D. Lincoll", | |||||
year = 1977, | |||||
title = "Semigroups of Recurrences", | |||||
booktitle = "High Speed Computer and Algorithm Organization", | |||||
edition = "Third", | |||||
series = "Fast Computers", | |||||
number = 23, | |||||
chapter = 3, | |||||
type = "Part", | |||||
editor = "David J. Lipcoll and D. H. Lawrie and A. H. Sameh", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
month = sep, | |||||
pages = "179--183", | |||||
note = "A full INCOLLECTION entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@INPROCEEDINGS{inproceedings-full, | |||||
author = "Alfred V. Oaho and Jeffrey D. Ullman and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
title = "On Notions of Information Transfer in {VLSI} Circuits", | |||||
editor = "Wizard V. Oz and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
booktitle = "Proc. Fifteenth Annual ACM", | |||||
number = 17, | |||||
series = "All ACM Conferences", | |||||
pages = "133--139", | |||||
month = mar, | |||||
year = 1983, | |||||
address = "Boston", | |||||
organization = "ACM", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
note = "A full INPROCEDINGS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@MANUAL{manual-full, | |||||
author = "Larry Manmaker", | |||||
title = "The Definitive Computer Manual", | |||||
organization = "Chips-R-Us", | |||||
address = "Silicon Valley", | |||||
edition = "Silver", | |||||
month = apr # "-" # may, | |||||
year = 1986, | |||||
note = "A full MANUAL entry", | |||||
} |
@ -1,610 +0,0 @@ | |||||
% ****** Start of file aipsamp.tex ****** | |||||
% | |||||
% This file is part of the AIP files in the AIP distribution for REVTeX 4. | |||||
% Version 4.2a of REVTeX, December 2014 | |||||
% | |||||
% Copyright (c) 2014 American Institute of Physics. | |||||
% | |||||
% See the AIP README file for restrictions and more information. | |||||
% | |||||
% TeX'ing this file requires that you have AMS-LaTeX 2.0 installed | |||||
% as well as the rest of the prerequisites for REVTeX 4.2 | |||||
% | |||||
% It also requires running BibTeX. The commands are as follows: | |||||
% | |||||
% 1) latex aipsamp | |||||
% 2) bibtex aipsamp | |||||
% 3) latex aipsamp | |||||
% 4) latex aipsamp | |||||
% | |||||
% Use this file as a source of example code for your aip document. | |||||
% Use the file aiptemplate.tex as a template for your document. | |||||
\documentclass[% | |||||
aip, | |||||
jmp,% | |||||
amsmath,amssymb, | |||||
%preprint,% | |||||
reprint,% | |||||
%author-year,% | |||||
%author-numerical,% | |||||
]{revtex4-2} | |||||
\usepackage{graphicx}% Include figure files | |||||
\usepackage{dcolumn}% Align table columns on decimal point | |||||
\usepackage{bm}% bold math | |||||
%\usepackage[mathlines]{lineno}% Enable numbering of text and display math | |||||
%\linenumbers\relax % Commence numbering lines | |||||
\begin{document} | |||||
\preprint{AIP/123-QED} | |||||
\title[Sample title]{Sample Title:\\with Forced Linebreak\footnote{Error!}}% Force line breaks with \\ | |||||
\thanks{Footnote to title of article.} | |||||
\author{A. Author} | |||||
\altaffiliation[Also at ]{Physics Department, XYZ University.}%Lines break automatically or can be forced with \\ | |||||
\author{B. Author}% | |||||
\email{Second.Author@institution.edu.} | |||||
\affiliation{ | |||||
Authors' institution and/or address%\\This line break forced with \textbackslash\textbackslash | |||||
}% | |||||
\author{C. Author} | |||||
\homepage{http://www.Second.institution.edu/~Charlie.Author.} | |||||
\affiliation{% | |||||
Second institution and/or address%\\This line break forced% with \\ | |||||
}% | |||||
\date{\today}% It is always \today, today, | |||||
% but any date may be explicitly specified | |||||
\begin{abstract} | |||||
An article usually includes an abstract, a concise summary of the work | |||||
covered at length in the main body of the article. It is used for | |||||
secondary publications and for information retrieval purposes. | |||||
% | |||||
\end{abstract} | |||||
\keywords{Suggested keywords}%Use showkeys class option if keyword | |||||
%display desired | |||||
\maketitle | |||||
\begin{quotation} | |||||
The ``lead paragraph'' is encapsulated with the \LaTeX\ | |||||
\verb+quotation+ environment and is formatted as a single paragraph before the first section heading. | |||||
(The \verb+quotation+ environment reverts to its usual meaning after the first sectioning command.) | |||||
Note that numbered references are allowed in the lead paragraph. | |||||
% | |||||
The lead paragraph will only be found in an article being prepared for the journal \textit{Chaos}. | |||||
\end{quotation} | |||||
\section{\label{sec:level1}First-level heading:\protect\\ The line | |||||
break was forced \lowercase{via} \textbackslash\textbackslash} | |||||
This sample document demonstrates proper use of REV\TeX~4.2 (and | |||||
\LaTeXe) in manuscripts prepared for submission to AIP | |||||
journals. Further information can be found in the documentation included in the distribution or available at | |||||
\url{http://authors.aip.org} and in the documentation for | |||||
REV\TeX~4.2 itself. | |||||
When commands are referred to in this example file, they are always | |||||
shown with their required arguments, using normal \TeX{} format. In | |||||
this format, \verb+#1+, \verb+#2+, etc. stand for required | |||||
author-supplied arguments to commands. For example, in | |||||
\verb+\section{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ stands for the title text of the | |||||
author's section heading, and in \verb+\title{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ | |||||
stands for the title text of the paper. | |||||
Line breaks in section headings at all levels can be introduced using | |||||
\textbackslash\textbackslash. A blank input line tells \TeX\ that the | |||||
paragraph has ended. | |||||
\subsection{\label{sec:level2}Second-level heading: Formatting} | |||||
This file may be formatted in both the \texttt{preprint} (the default) and | |||||
\texttt{reprint} styles; the latter format may be used to | |||||
mimic final journal output. Either format may be used for submission | |||||
purposes; however, for peer review and production, AIP will format the | |||||
article using the \texttt{preprint} class option. Hence, it is | |||||
essential that authors check that their manuscripts format acceptably | |||||
under \texttt{preprint}. Manuscripts submitted to AIP that do not | |||||
format correctly under the \texttt{preprint} option may be delayed in | |||||
both the editorial and production processes. | |||||
The \texttt{widetext} environment will make the text the width of the | |||||
full page, as on page~\pageref{eq:wideeq}. (Note the use the | |||||
\verb+\pageref{#1}+ to get the page number right automatically.) The | |||||
width-changing commands only take effect in \texttt{twocolumn} | |||||
formatting. It has no effect if \texttt{preprint} formatting is chosen | |||||
instead. | |||||
\subsubsection{\label{sec:level3}Third-level heading: Citations and Footnotes} | |||||
Citations in text refer to entries in the Bibliography; | |||||
they use the commands \verb+\cite{#1}+ or \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+. | |||||
Because REV\TeX\ uses the \verb+natbib+ package of Patrick Daly, | |||||
its entire repertoire of commands are available in your document; | |||||
see the \verb+natbib+ documentation for further details. | |||||
The argument of \verb+\cite+ is a comma-separated list of \emph{keys}; | |||||
a key may consist of letters and numerals. | |||||
By default, citations are numerical; \cite{feyn54} author-year citations are an option. | |||||
To give a textual citation, use \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+: (Refs.~\onlinecite{witten2001,epr,Bire82}). | |||||
REV\TeX\ ``collapses'' lists of consecutive numerical citations when appropriate. | |||||
REV\TeX\ provides the ability to properly punctuate textual citations in author-year style; | |||||
this facility works correctly with numerical citations only with \texttt{natbib}'s compress option turned off. | |||||
To illustrate, we cite several together \cite{feyn54,witten2001,epr,Berman1983}, | |||||
and once again (Refs.~\onlinecite{epr,feyn54,Bire82,Berman1983}). | |||||
Note that, when numerical citations are used, the references were sorted into the same order they appear in the bibliography. | |||||
A reference within the bibliography is specified with a \verb+\bibitem{#1}+ command, | |||||
where the argument is the citation key mentioned above. | |||||
\verb+\bibitem{#1}+ commands may be crafted by hand or, preferably, | |||||
generated by using Bib\TeX. | |||||
The AIP styles for REV\TeX~4 include Bib\TeX\ style files | |||||
\verb+aipnum.bst+ and \verb+aipauth.bst+, appropriate for | |||||
numbered and author-year bibliographies, | |||||
respectively. | |||||
REV\TeX~4 will automatically choose the style appropriate for | |||||
the document's selected class options: the default is numerical, and | |||||
you obtain the author-year style by specifying a class option of \verb+author-year+. | |||||
This sample file demonstrates a simple use of Bib\TeX\ | |||||
via a \verb+\bibliography+ command referencing the \verb+aipsamp.bib+ file. | |||||
Running Bib\TeX\ (in this case \texttt{bibtex | |||||
aipsamp}) after the first pass of \LaTeX\ produces the file | |||||
\verb+aipsamp.bbl+ which contains the automatically formatted | |||||
\verb+\bibitem+ commands (including extra markup information via | |||||
\verb+\bibinfo+ commands). If not using Bib\TeX, the | |||||
\verb+thebibiliography+ environment should be used instead. | |||||
\paragraph{Fourth-level heading is run in.}% | |||||
Footnotes are produced using the \verb+\footnote{#1}+ command. | |||||
Numerical style citations put footnotes into the | |||||
bibliography\footnote{Automatically placing footnotes into the bibliography requires using BibTeX to compile the bibliography.}. | |||||
Author-year and numerical author-year citation styles (each for its own reason) cannot use this method. | |||||
Note: due to the method used to place footnotes in the bibliography, \emph{you | |||||
must re-run BibTeX every time you change any of your document's | |||||
footnotes}. | |||||
\section{Math and Equations} | |||||
Inline math may be typeset using the \verb+$+ delimiters. Bold math | |||||
symbols may be achieved using the \verb+bm+ package and the | |||||
\verb+\bm{#1}+ command it supplies. For instance, a bold $\alpha$ can | |||||
be typeset as \verb+$\bm{\alpha}$+ giving $\bm{\alpha}$. Fraktur and | |||||
Blackboard (or open face or double struck) characters should be | |||||
typeset using the \verb+\mathfrak{#1}+ and \verb+\mathbb{#1}+ commands | |||||
respectively. Both are supplied by the \texttt{amssymb} package. For | |||||
example, \verb+$\mathbb{R}$+ gives $\mathbb{R}$ and | |||||
\verb+$\mathfrak{G}$+ gives $\mathfrak{G}$ | |||||
In \LaTeX\ there are many different ways to display equations, and a | |||||
few preferred ways are noted below. Displayed math will center by | |||||
default. Use the class option \verb+fleqn+ to flush equations left. | |||||
Below we have numbered single-line equations, the most common kind: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
\chi_+(p)\alt{\bf [}2|{\bf p}|(|{\bf p}|+p_z){\bf ]}^{-1/2} | |||||
\left( | |||||
\begin{array}{c} | |||||
|{\bf p}|+p_z\\ | |||||
px+ip_y | |||||
\end{array}\right)\;, | |||||
\\ | |||||
\left\{% | |||||
\openone234567890abc123\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% | |||||
\right\}% | |||||
\label{eq:one}. | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
Note the open one in Eq.~(\ref{eq:one}). | |||||
Not all numbered equations will fit within a narrow column this | |||||
way. The equation number will move down automatically if it cannot fit | |||||
on the same line with a one-line equation: | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
\left\{ | |||||
ab12345678abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% | |||||
\right\}. | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
When the \verb+\label{#1}+ command is used [cf. input for | |||||
Eq.~(\ref{eq:one})], the equation can be referred to in text without | |||||
knowing the equation number that \TeX\ will assign to it. Just | |||||
use \verb+\ref{#1}+, where \verb+#1+ is the same name that used in | |||||
the \verb+\label{#1}+ command. | |||||
Unnumbered single-line equations can be typeset | |||||
using the \verb+\[+, \verb+\]+ format: | |||||
\[g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow | |||||
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \] | |||||
\subsection{Multiline equations} | |||||
Multiline equations are obtained by using the \verb+eqnarray+ | |||||
environment. Use the \verb+\nonumber+ command at the end of each line | |||||
to avoid assigning a number: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1} | |||||
\delta_{\sigma_1,-\sigma_2} | |||||
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\ | |||||
&&\times | |||||
[\epsilon_jl_i\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1), | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2} | |||||
(N^2-1)\nonumber \\ | |||||
& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right) | |||||
\sum_{\text{perm}} | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}} | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}} | |||||
\sum_\tau c^f_\tau~. | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\textbf{Note:} Do not use \verb+\label{#1}+ on a line of a multiline | |||||
equation if \verb+\nonumber+ is also used on that line. Incorrect | |||||
cross-referencing will result. Notice the use \verb+\text{#1}+ for | |||||
using a Roman font within a math environment. | |||||
To set a multiline equation without \emph{any} equation | |||||
numbers, use the \verb+\begin{eqnarray*}+, | |||||
\verb+\end{eqnarray*}+ format: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray*} | |||||
\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2} | |||||
(N^2-1)\\ | |||||
& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right) | |||||
\left( | |||||
\sum_{\text{perm}}\frac{1}{S_{12}S_{23}S_{n1}} | |||||
\right) | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}}~. | |||||
\end{eqnarray*} | |||||
To obtain numbers not normally produced by the automatic numbering, | |||||
use the \verb+\tag{#1}+ command, where \verb+#1+ is the desired | |||||
equation number. For example, to get an equation number of | |||||
(\ref{eq:mynum}), | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow | |||||
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \tag{2.6$'$}\label{eq:mynum} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
A few notes on \verb=\tag{#1}=. \verb+\tag{#1}+ requires | |||||
\texttt{amsmath}. The \verb+\tag{#1}+ must come before the | |||||
\verb+\label{#1}+, if any. The numbering set with \verb+\tag{#1}+ is | |||||
\textit{transparent} to the automatic numbering in REV\TeX{}; | |||||
therefore, the number must be known ahead of time, and it must be | |||||
manually adjusted if other equations are added. \verb+\tag{#1}+ works | |||||
with both single-line and multiline equations. \verb+\tag{#1}+ should | |||||
only be used in exceptional case - do not use it to number all | |||||
equations in a paper. | |||||
Enclosing single-line and multiline equations in | |||||
\verb+\begin{subequations}+ and \verb+\end{subequations}+ will produce | |||||
a set of equations that are ``numbered'' with letters, as shown in | |||||
Eqs.~(\ref{subeq:1}) and (\ref{subeq:2}) below: | |||||
\begin{subequations} | |||||
\label{eq:whole} | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
\left\{ | |||||
abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2} | |||||
\right\},\label{subeq:1} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1} | |||||
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\ | |||||
&&\times | |||||
[\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1).\label{subeq:2} | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\end{subequations} | |||||
Putting a \verb+\label{#1}+ command right after the | |||||
\verb+\begin{subequations}+, allows one to | |||||
reference all the equations in a subequations environment. For | |||||
example, the equations in the preceding subequations environment were | |||||
Eqs.~(\ref{eq:whole}). | |||||
\subsubsection{Wide equations} | |||||
The equation that follows is set in a wide format, i.e., it spans | |||||
across the full page. The wide format is reserved for long equations | |||||
that cannot be easily broken into four lines or less: | |||||
\begin{widetext} | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
{\cal R}^{(\text{d})}= | |||||
g_{\sigma_2}^e | |||||
\left( | |||||
\frac{[\Gamma^Z(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
+\frac{[\Gamma^Z(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
\right) | |||||
+ x_WQ_e | |||||
\left( | |||||
\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
+\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
\right)\;. \label{eq:wideeq} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\end{widetext} | |||||
This is typed to show the output is in wide format. | |||||
(Since there is no input line between \verb+\equation+ and | |||||
this paragraph, there is no paragraph indent for this paragraph.) | |||||
\section{Cross-referencing} | |||||
REV\TeX{} will automatically number sections, equations, figure | |||||
captions, and tables. In order to reference them in text, use the | |||||
\verb+\label{#1}+ and \verb+\ref{#1}+ commands. To reference a | |||||
particular page, use the \verb+\pageref{#1}+ command. | |||||
The \verb+\label{#1}+ should appear in a section heading, within an | |||||
equation, or in a table or figure caption. The \verb+\ref{#1}+ command | |||||
is used in the text where the citation is to be displayed. Some | |||||
examples: Section~\ref{sec:level1} on page~\pageref{sec:level1}, | |||||
Table~\ref{tab:table1},% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table1}This is a narrow table which fits into a | |||||
text column when using \texttt{twocolumn} formatting. Note that | |||||
REV\TeX~4 adjusts the intercolumn spacing so that the table fills the | |||||
entire width of the column. Table captions are numbered | |||||
automatically. This table illustrates left-aligned, centered, and | |||||
right-aligned columns. } | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{lcr} | |||||
Left\footnote{Note a.}&Centered\footnote{Note b.}&Right\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
1 & 2 & 3\\ | |||||
10 & 20 & 30\\ | |||||
100 & 200 & 300\\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
and Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}. | |||||
\section{Figures and Tables} | |||||
Figures and tables are typically ``floats''; \LaTeX\ determines their | |||||
final position via placement rules. | |||||
\LaTeX\ isn't always successful in automatically placing floats where you wish them. | |||||
Figures are marked up with the \texttt{figure} environment, the content of which | |||||
imports the image (\verb+\includegraphics+) followed by the figure caption (\verb+\caption+). | |||||
The argument of the latter command should itself contain a \verb+\label+ command if you | |||||
wish to refer to your figure with \verb+\ref+. | |||||
Import your image using either the \texttt{graphics} or | |||||
\texttt{graphix} packages. These packages both define the | |||||
\verb+\includegraphics{#1}+ command, but they differ in the optional | |||||
arguments for specifying the orientation, scaling, and translation of the figure. | |||||
Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}% | |||||
\begin{figure} | |||||
\includegraphics{fig_1}% Here is how to import EPS art | |||||
\caption{\label{fig:epsart} A figure caption. The figure captions are | |||||
automatically numbered.} | |||||
\end{figure} | |||||
is small enough to fit in a single column, while | |||||
Fig.~\ref{fig:wide}% | |||||
\begin{figure*} | |||||
\includegraphics{fig_2}% Here is how to import EPS art | |||||
\caption{\label{fig:wide}Use the \texttt{figure*} environment to get a wide | |||||
figure, spanning the page in \texttt{twocolumn} formatting.} | |||||
\end{figure*} | |||||
is too wide for a single column, | |||||
so instead the \texttt{figure*} environment has been used. | |||||
The analog of the \texttt{figure} environment is \texttt{table}, which uses | |||||
the same \verb+\caption+ command. | |||||
However, you should type your caption command first within the \texttt{table}, | |||||
instead of last as you did for \texttt{figure}. | |||||
The heart of any table is the \texttt{tabular} environment, | |||||
which represents the table content as a (vertical) sequence of table rows, | |||||
each containing a (horizontal) sequence of table cells. | |||||
Cells are separated by the \verb+&+ character; | |||||
the row terminates with \verb+\\+. | |||||
The required argument for the \texttt{tabular} environment | |||||
specifies how data are displayed in each of the columns. | |||||
For instance, a column | |||||
may be centered (\verb+c+), left-justified (\verb+l+), right-justified (\verb+r+), | |||||
or aligned on a decimal point (\verb+d+). | |||||
(Table~\ref{tab:table4}% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table4}Numbers in columns Three--Five have been | |||||
aligned by using the ``d'' column specifier (requires the | |||||
\texttt{dcolumn} package). | |||||
Non-numeric entries (those entries without | |||||
a ``.'') in a ``d'' column are aligned on the decimal point. | |||||
Use the | |||||
``D'' specifier for more complex layouts. } | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{ccddd} | |||||
One&Two&\mbox{Three}&\mbox{Four}&\mbox{Five}\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
one&two&\mbox{three}&\mbox{four}&\mbox{five}\\ | |||||
He&2& 2.77234 & 45672. & 0.69 \\ | |||||
C\footnote{Some tables require footnotes.} | |||||
&C\footnote{Some tables need more than one footnote.} | |||||
& 12537.64 & 37.66345 & 86.37 \\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
illustrates the use of decimal column alignment.) | |||||
Extra column-spacing may be be specified as well, although | |||||
REV\TeX~4 sets this spacing so that the columns fill the width of the | |||||
table. | |||||
Horizontal rules are typeset using the \verb+\hline+ | |||||
command. | |||||
The doubled (or Scotch) rules that appear at the top and | |||||
bottom of a table can be achieved by enclosing the \texttt{tabular} | |||||
environment within a \texttt{ruledtabular} environment. | |||||
Rows whose columns span multiple columns can be typeset using \LaTeX's | |||||
\verb+\multicolumn{#1}{#2}{#3}+ command | |||||
(for example, see the first row of Table~\ref{tab:table3}).% | |||||
\begin{table*} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table3}This is a wide table that spans the page | |||||
width in \texttt{twocolumn} mode. It is formatted using the | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. It also demonstrates the use of | |||||
\textbackslash\texttt{multicolumn} in rows with entries that span | |||||
more than one column.} | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{ccccc} | |||||
&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^1$}&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^5$}\\ | |||||
Ion&1st alternative&2nd alternative&lst alternative | |||||
&2nd alternative\\ \hline | |||||
K&$(2e)+(2f)$&$(4i)$ &$(2c)+(2d)$&$(4f)$ \\ | |||||
Mn&$(2g)$\footnote{The $z$ parameter of these positions is $z\sim\frac{1}{4}$.} | |||||
&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(4e)$&$(2a)+(2b)$\\ | |||||
Cl&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(2g)$\footnote{This is a footnote in a table that spans the full page | |||||
width in \texttt{twocolumn} mode. It is supposed to set on the full width of the page, just as the caption does. } | |||||
&$(4e)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
He&$(8r)^{\text{a}}$&$(4j)^{\text{a}}$&$(4g)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
Ag& &$(4k)^{\text{a}}$& &$(4h)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table*} | |||||
The tables in this document illustrate various effects. | |||||
Tables that fit in a narrow column are contained in a \texttt{table} | |||||
environment. | |||||
Table~\ref{tab:table3} is a wide table, therefore set with the | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. | |||||
Lengthy tables may need to break across pages. | |||||
A simple way to allow this is to specify | |||||
the \verb+[H]+ float placement on the \texttt{table} or | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. | |||||
Alternatively, using the standard \LaTeXe\ package \texttt{longtable} | |||||
gives more control over how tables break and allows headers and footers | |||||
to be specified for each page of the table. | |||||
An example of the use of \texttt{longtable} can be found | |||||
in the file \texttt{summary.tex} that is included with the REV\TeX~4 | |||||
distribution. | |||||
There are two methods for setting footnotes within a table (these | |||||
footnotes will be displayed directly below the table rather than at | |||||
the bottom of the page or in the bibliography). | |||||
The easiest | |||||
and preferred method is just to use the \verb+\footnote{#1}+ | |||||
command. This will automatically enumerate the footnotes with | |||||
lowercase roman letters. | |||||
However, it is sometimes necessary to have | |||||
multiple entries in the table share the same footnote. | |||||
In this case, | |||||
create the footnotes using | |||||
\verb+\footnotemark[#1]+ and \verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+. | |||||
\texttt{\#1} is a numeric value. | |||||
Each time the same value for \texttt{\#1} is used, | |||||
the same mark is produced in the table. | |||||
The \verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+ commands are placed after the \texttt{tabular} | |||||
environment. | |||||
Examine the \LaTeX\ source and output for Tables~\ref{tab:table1} and | |||||
\ref{tab:table2}% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table2}A table with more columns still fits | |||||
properly in a column. Note that several entries share the same | |||||
footnote. Inspect the \LaTeX\ input for this table to see | |||||
exactly how it is done.} | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc} | |||||
&$r_c$ (\AA)&$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$& | |||||
&$r_c$ (\AA) &$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
Cu& 0.800 & 14.10 & 2.550 &Sn\footnotemark[1] | |||||
& 0.680 & 1.870 & 3.700 \\ | |||||
Ag& 0.990 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Pb\footnotemark[2] | |||||
& 0.450 & 1.930 & 3.760 \\ | |||||
Au& 1.150 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Ca\footnotemark[3] | |||||
& 0.750 & 2.170 & 3.560 \\ | |||||
Mg& 0.490 & 17.60 & 3.200 &Sr\footnotemark[4] | |||||
& 0.900 & 2.370 & 3.720 \\ | |||||
Zn& 0.300 & 15.20 & 2.970 &Li\footnotemark[2] | |||||
& 0.380 & 1.730 & 2.830 \\ | |||||
Cd& 0.530 & 17.10 & 3.160 &Na\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 0.760 & 2.110 & 3.120 \\ | |||||
Hg& 0.550 & 17.80 & 3.220 &K\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 1.120 & 2.620 & 3.480 \\ | |||||
Al& 0.230 & 15.80 & 3.240 &Rb\footnotemark[3] | |||||
& 1.330 & 2.800 & 3.590 \\ | |||||
Ga& 0.310 & 16.70 & 3.330 &Cs\footnotemark[4] | |||||
& 1.420 & 3.030 & 3.740 \\ | |||||
In& 0.460 & 18.40 & 3.500 &Ba\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 0.960 & 2.460 & 3.780 \\ | |||||
Tl& 0.480 & 18.90 & 3.550 & & & & \\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\footnotetext[1]{Here's the first, from Ref.~\onlinecite{feyn54}.} | |||||
\footnotetext[2]{Here's the second.} | |||||
\footnotetext[3]{Here's the third.} | |||||
\footnotetext[4]{Here's the fourth.} | |||||
\footnotetext[5]{And etc.} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
for an illustration. | |||||
All AIP journals require that the initial citation of | |||||
figures or tables be in numerical order. | |||||
\LaTeX's automatic numbering of floats is your friend here: | |||||
just put each \texttt{figure} environment immediately following | |||||
its first reference (\verb+\ref+), as we have done in this example file. | |||||
\begin{acknowledgments} | |||||
We wish to acknowledge the support of the author community in using | |||||
REV\TeX{}, offering suggestions and encouragement, testing new versions, | |||||
\dots. | |||||
\end{acknowledgments} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{Appendixes} | |||||
To start the appendixes, use the \verb+\appendix+ command. | |||||
This signals that all following section commands refer to appendixes | |||||
instead of regular sections. Therefore, the \verb+\appendix+ command | |||||
should be used only once---to set up the section commands to act as | |||||
appendixes. Thereafter normal section commands are used. The heading | |||||
for a section can be left empty. For example, | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A'' and | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{Background} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND'' | |||||
(note that the colon is set automatically). | |||||
If there is only one appendix, then the letter ``A'' should not | |||||
appear. This is suppressed by using the star version of the appendix | |||||
command (\verb+\appendix*+ in the place of \verb+\appendix+). | |||||
\section{A little more on appendixes} | |||||
Observe that this appendix was started by using | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\section{A little more on appendixes} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
Note the equation number in an appendix: | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
E=mc^2. | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\subsection{\label{app:subsec}A subsection in an appendix} | |||||
You can use a subsection or subsubsection in an appendix. Note the | |||||
numbering: we are now in Appendix~\ref{app:subsec}. | |||||
\subsubsection{\label{app:subsubsec}A subsubsection in an appendix} | |||||
Note the equation numbers in this appendix, produced with the | |||||
subequations environment: | |||||
\begin{subequations} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
E&=&mc, \label{appa} | |||||
\\ | |||||
E&=&mc^2, \label{appb} | |||||
\\ | |||||
E&\agt& mc^3. \label{appc} | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\end{subequations} | |||||
They turn out to be Eqs.~(\ref{appa}), (\ref{appb}), and (\ref{appc}). | |||||
\nocite{*} | |||||
\bibliography{aipsamp}% Produces the bibliography via BibTeX. | |||||
\end{document} | |||||
% | |||||
% ****** End of file aipsamp.tex ****** |
@ -1,484 +0,0 @@ | |||||
@PREAMBLE{ | |||||
"\providecommand{\noopsort}[1]{}" | |||||
# "\providecommand{\singleletter}[1]{#1}%" | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOK{Bire82, | |||||
author = {N. D. Birell and P. C. W. Davies}, | |||||
year = 1982, | |||||
title = {Quantum Fields in Curved Space}, | |||||
publisher = {Cambridge University Press} | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{feyn54, | |||||
author = "R. P. Feynman", | |||||
year = "1954", | |||||
journal = "Phys.\ Rev.", | |||||
volume = "94", | |||||
pages = "262", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{epr, | |||||
author = "A. Einstein and {\relax Yu} Podolsky and N. Rosen", | |||||
collaboration = "EPR", | |||||
year = "1935", | |||||
journal = "Phys.\ Rev.", | |||||
volume = "47", | |||||
pages = "777", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Berman1983, | |||||
author = "G. P. Berman, Jr. and F. M. Izrailev, Jr.", | |||||
title = "Stability of nonlinear modes", | |||||
journal = "Physica D", | |||||
volume = "88", | |||||
pages = "445", | |||||
year = "1983", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Davies1998, | |||||
author = "E. B. Davies and L. Parns", | |||||
title = "Trapped modes in acoustic waveguides", | |||||
journal = "Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math.", | |||||
volume = "51", | |||||
pages = "477--492", | |||||
year = "1988", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{witten2001, | |||||
author = "Edward Witten", | |||||
eprint = "hep-th/0106109", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{Beutler1994, | |||||
author = "E. Beutler", | |||||
editor = "E. Beutler and M. A. Lichtman and B. W. Coller and T. S. Kipps", | |||||
booktitle = "Williams Hematology", | |||||
chapter = "7", | |||||
pages = "654--662", | |||||
publisher = "McGraw-Hill", | |||||
year = "1994", | |||||
edition = "5", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "2", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Beutler1994a, | |||||
author = "E. Beutler", | |||||
editor = "E. Beutler and M. A. Lichtman and B. W. Coller and T. S. Kipps", | |||||
booktitle = "Williams Hematology", | |||||
chapter = "7", | |||||
pages = "654--662", | |||||
publisher = "McGraw-Hill", | |||||
year = "1994", | |||||
edition = "5", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
volume = "2", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{inbook-full, | |||||
author = "Donald E. Knuth", | |||||
booktitle = "Fundamental Algorithms", | |||||
volume = 1, | |||||
series = "The Art of Computer Programming", | |||||
publisher = "Addison-Wesley", | |||||
address = "Reading, Massachusetts", | |||||
edition = "Second", | |||||
month = "10~" # jan, | |||||
year = "\noopsort{1973b}1973", | |||||
type = "Section", | |||||
chapter = "1.2", | |||||
pages = "10--119", | |||||
note = "A full INBOOK entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Smith2005, | |||||
author = "J. S. Smith and G. W. Johnson", | |||||
journal = "Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
year = "2005", | |||||
volume = "777", | |||||
pages = "1395", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Smith2010, | |||||
author = "W. J. Smith and T. J. Johnson and B. G. Miller", | |||||
title = "Surface chemistry and preferential crystal orientation on a silicon surface", | |||||
note = "{J. Appl. Phys.} (unpublished)", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "2010", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Smith2010a, | |||||
author = "V. K. Smith and K. Johnson and M. O. Klein", | |||||
title = "Surface chemistry and preferential crystal orientation on a silicon surface", | |||||
note = "{J. Appl. Phys.} (submitted)", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "2010", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{unpublished-full, | |||||
author = "Ulrich {\"{U}}nderwood and Ned {\~N}et and Paul {\={P}}ot", | |||||
title = "Lower Bounds for Wishful Research Results", | |||||
month = nov # ", " # dec, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "Talk at Fanstord University (A full UNPUBLISHED entry)", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{JohnsonMillerSmith2007, | |||||
author = "M. P. Johnson and K. L. Miller and K. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
howpublished = "personal communication", | |||||
month = "1~" # may, | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{Smith2007, | |||||
title = "AIP Conf. Proc.", | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
editor = "J. Smith", | |||||
volume = "841", | |||||
number = "21", | |||||
series = "", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
organization = "", | |||||
publisher = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{proceedings-full, | |||||
editor = "Wizard V. Oz and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
title = "Proc. Fifteenth Annual", | |||||
number = 17, | |||||
series = "All ACM Conferences", | |||||
month = mar, | |||||
year = 1983, | |||||
address = "Boston", | |||||
organization = "ACM", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
note = "A full PROCEEDINGS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@UNPUBLISHED{Burstyn2004, | |||||
author = "Y. Burstyn", | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the 5th International Molecular Beam Epitaxy Conference, Santa Fe, NM}", | |||||
note = "(unpublished)", | |||||
month = "5--8~" # oct, | |||||
year = "2004", | |||||
} | |||||
@PROCEEDINGS{Quinn2001, | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the 2003 Particle Accelerator Conference, Portland, OR, 12-16 May 2005}", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
editor = "B. Quinn", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
publisher = "Wiley", | |||||
note = "Albeit the conference was held in 2005, it was the 2003 conference, and the proceedings were published in 2001; go figure", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Agarwal2001, | |||||
author = "A. G. Agarwal", | |||||
title = "{Proceedings of the Fifth Low Temperature Conference, Madison, WI, 1999}", | |||||
journal = "Semiconductors", | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
volume = "66", | |||||
pages = "1238", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{SmithDA01, | |||||
author = "R. Smith", | |||||
title = "Hummingbirds are our friends", | |||||
journal = {J. Appl. Phys. (these proceedings)}, | |||||
year = "2001", | |||||
volume = "", | |||||
number = "", | |||||
pages = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "Abstract No. DA-01", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{Smith2007a, | |||||
author = "J. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
journal = "Proc. SPIE", | |||||
year = "2007", | |||||
volume = "124", | |||||
pages = "367", | |||||
note = "Required title is missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{techreport-full, | |||||
author = "Tom T{\'{e}}rrific", | |||||
title = "An {$O(n \log n / \! \log\log n)$} Sorting Algorithm", | |||||
institution = "Fanstord University", | |||||
type = "Wishful Research Result", | |||||
number = "7", | |||||
address = "Computer Science Department, Fanstord, California", | |||||
month = oct, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full TECHREPORT entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{Nelson1999, | |||||
author = "J. Nelson", | |||||
type = "{TWI Report}", | |||||
number = "666/1999", | |||||
institution = "", | |||||
year = jan # "~1999", | |||||
note = "Required institution missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@TECHREPORT{Fields2005, | |||||
author = "W. K. Fields", | |||||
type = "{ECE Report No.}", | |||||
number = "AL944", | |||||
institution = "", | |||||
year = "2005", | |||||
note = "Required institution missing", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{Zalkins2008, | |||||
author = "Y. M. Zalkins", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
howpublished = "e-print arXiv:cond-mat/040426", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
year = "2008", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@MISC{Nelson2005, | |||||
author = "J. Nelson", | |||||
howpublished = "{U.S. Patent No.} 5,693,000", | |||||
year = "12~" # dec # "~2005", | |||||
} | |||||
@MASTERSTHESIS{Nelson1999a, | |||||
author = "J. K. Nelson", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
school = "New York University", | |||||
year = "1999", | |||||
type = "M.{S}. thesis", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@MASTERSTHESIS{mastersthesis-full, | |||||
author = "{\'{E}}douard Masterly", | |||||
title = "Mastering Thesis Writing", | |||||
school = "Stanford University", | |||||
type = "Master's project", | |||||
address = "English Department", | |||||
month = jun # "-" # aug, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full MASTERSTHESIS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@PHDTHESIS{Smith2003, | |||||
author = "S. M. Smith", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
school = "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", | |||||
year = "2003", | |||||
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis", | |||||
address = "", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "", | |||||
} | |||||
@ARTICLE{KawaLin2003, | |||||
author = "S. R. Kawa and S.-J. Lin", | |||||
title = "", | |||||
journal = "J. Geophys. Res.", | |||||
year = "2003", | |||||
volume = "108", | |||||
number = "D6", | |||||
pages = "4201", | |||||
month = "", | |||||
note = "{DOI:10.1029/2002JD002268}", | |||||
} | |||||
@PHDTHESIS{phdthesis-full, | |||||
author = "F. Phidias Phony-Baloney", | |||||
title = "Fighting Fire with Fire: Festooning {F}rench Phrases", | |||||
school = "Fanstord University", | |||||
type = "{PhD} Dissertation", | |||||
address = "Department of French", | |||||
month = jun # "-" # aug, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full PHDTHESIS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOK{book-full, | |||||
author = "Donald E. Knuth", | |||||
title = "Seminumerical Algorithms", | |||||
volume = 2, | |||||
series = "The Art of Computer Programming", | |||||
publisher = "Addison-Wesley", | |||||
address = "Reading, Massachusetts", | |||||
edition = "Second", | |||||
month = "10~" # jan, | |||||
year = "\noopsort{1973c}1981", | |||||
note = "A full BOOK entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@BOOKLET{booklet-full, | |||||
author = "Jill C. Knvth", | |||||
title = "The Programming of Computer Art", | |||||
howpublished = "Vernier Art Center", | |||||
address = "Stanford, California", | |||||
month = feb, | |||||
year = 1988, | |||||
note = "A full BOOKLET entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{ballagh2000, | |||||
author = "R. Ballagh and C.M. Savage", | |||||
editor = "C.M. Savage and M. Das", | |||||
title = "Bose-Einstein condensation: from atomic physics to quantum fluids, Proceedings of the 13th Physics Summer School", | |||||
year = "2000", | |||||
publisher = "World Scientific", | |||||
address = "Singapore", | |||||
eprint = "cond-mat/0008070", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{ballagh2000a, | |||||
author = "R. Ballagh and C.M. Savage", | |||||
title = "Bose-Einstein condensation: from atomic physics to quantum fluids", | |||||
editor = "C.M. Savage and M. Das", | |||||
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 13th Physics Summer School", | |||||
year = "2000", | |||||
publisher = "World Scientific", | |||||
address = "Singapore", | |||||
eprint = "cond-mat/0008070", | |||||
} | |||||
@inBook{Magnetism, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Magnetisma, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
} | |||||
@INPROCEEDINGS{Magnetismb, | |||||
author = "W. Opechowski and R. Guccione", | |||||
title = "Introduction to the Theory of Normal Metals", | |||||
editor = "G. T. Rado and H. Suhl", | |||||
booktitle = "Magnetism", | |||||
volume = "IIa", | |||||
pages = "105", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
year = "1965", | |||||
} | |||||
@INBOOK{Smith80, | |||||
author = "J. M. Smith", | |||||
title = "Molecular Dynamics", | |||||
publisher = "Academic", | |||||
year = "1980", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
editor = "C. Brown", | |||||
} | |||||
@article{ZS71, | |||||
author = "V. E. Zakharov and A. B. Shabat", | |||||
title = "Exact theory of two-dimensional self-focusing and one-dimensional self-modulation of waves in nonlinear media", | |||||
journal = "Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.", | |||||
volume = "61", | |||||
year = "1971", | |||||
pages = "118--134", | |||||
translation = "Sov. Phys. JETP \textbf{34}, 62 (1972)" | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{Smith80a, | |||||
author = "J. M. Smith", | |||||
booktitle = "Molecular Dynamics", | |||||
editor = "C. Brown", | |||||
publisher = "Academic", | |||||
year = "1980", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
} | |||||
@INCOLLECTION{incollection-full, | |||||
author = "Daniel D. Lincoll", | |||||
title = "Semigroups of Recurrences", | |||||
editor = "David J. Lipcoll and D. H. Lawrie and A. H. Sameh", | |||||
booktitle = "High Speed Computer and Algorithm Organization", | |||||
number = 23, | |||||
series = "Fast Computers", | |||||
chapter = 3, | |||||
type = "Part", | |||||
pages = "179--183", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
edition = "Third", | |||||
month = sep, | |||||
year = 1977, | |||||
note = "A full INCOLLECTION entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@INPROCEEDINGS{inproceedings-full, | |||||
author = "Alfred V. Oaho and Jeffrey D. Ullman and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
title = "On Notions of Information Transfer in {VLSI} Circuits", | |||||
editor = "Wizard V. Oz and Mihalis Yannakakis", | |||||
booktitle = "Proc. Fifteenth Annual ACM", | |||||
bookaddress = "Boston, 1982", | |||||
number = 17, | |||||
series = "All ACM Conferences", | |||||
pages = "133--139", | |||||
month = mar, | |||||
year = 1983, | |||||
address = "New York", | |||||
organization = "ACM", | |||||
publisher = "Academic Press", | |||||
note = "A full INPROCEDINGS entry", | |||||
} | |||||
@MANUAL{manual-full, | |||||
author = "Larry Manmaker", | |||||
title = "The Definitive Computer Manual", | |||||
organization = "Chips-R-Us", | |||||
address = "Silicon Valley", | |||||
edition = "Silver", | |||||
month = apr # "-" # may, | |||||
year = 1986, | |||||
note = "A full MANUAL entry", | |||||
} |
@ -1,614 +0,0 @@ | |||||
% ****** Start of file sorsamp.tex ****** | |||||
% | |||||
% This file is part of the AIP files in the AIP distribution for REVTeX 4. | |||||
% Version 4.2a of REVTeX, December 2014 | |||||
% | |||||
% Copyright (c) 2014 American Institute of Physics. | |||||
% | |||||
% See the AIP README file for restrictions and more information. | |||||
% | |||||
% TeX'ing this file requires that you have AMS-LaTeX 2.0 installed | |||||
% as well as the rest of the prerequisites for REVTeX 4.2 | |||||
% | |||||
% It also requires running BibTeX. The commands are as follows: | |||||
% | |||||
% 1) latex sorsamp | |||||
% 2) bibtex sorsamp | |||||
% 3) latex sorsamp | |||||
% 4) latex sorsamp | |||||
% | |||||
% Use this file as a source of example code for your aip document. | |||||
% Use the file aiptemplate.tex as a template for your document. | |||||
\documentclass[% | |||||
sor, | |||||
%aip, | |||||
%twoside, | |||||
%groupedaddress, | |||||
%jmp, | |||||
jor, | |||||
amsmath,amssymb, | |||||
%preprint,% | |||||
reprint,% | |||||
%author-year,% | |||||
%author-numerical,% | |||||
]{revtex4-2} | |||||
\usepackage{graphicx}% Include figure files | |||||
\usepackage{dcolumn}% Align table columns on decimal point | |||||
\usepackage{bm}% bold math | |||||
%\usepackage[mathlines]{lineno}% Enable numbering of text and display math | |||||
%\linenumbers\relax % Commence numbering lines | |||||
\begin{document} | |||||
\preprint{AIP/123-QED} | |||||
\title[Sample title]{Sample Title:\\with Forced Linebreak\footnote{Error!}}% Force line breaks with \\ | |||||
\thanks{Footnote to title of article.} | |||||
\author{A. Author} | |||||
\altaffiliation[Also at ]{Physics Department, XYZ University.}%Lines break automatically or can be forced with \\ | |||||
\author{B. Author}% | |||||
\email{Second.Author@institution.edu.} | |||||
\affiliation{ | |||||
Authors' institution and/or address%\\This line break forced with \textbackslash\textbackslash | |||||
}% | |||||
\author{C. Author} | |||||
\homepage{http://www.Second.institution.edu/~Charlie.Author.} | |||||
\affiliation{% | |||||
Second institution and/or address%\\This line break forced% with \\ | |||||
}% | |||||
\date{\today}% It is always \today, today, | |||||
% but any date may be explicitly specified | |||||
\begin{abstract} | |||||
An article usually includes an abstract, a concise summary of the work | |||||
covered at length in the main body of the article. It is used for | |||||
secondary publications and for information retrieval purposes. | |||||
% | |||||
\end{abstract} | |||||
\keywords{Suggested keywords}%Use showkeys class option if keyword | |||||
%display desired | |||||
\maketitle | |||||
\begin{quotation} | |||||
The ``lead paragraph'' is encapsulated with the \LaTeX\ | |||||
\verb+quotation+ environment and is formatted as a single paragraph before the first section heading. | |||||
(The \verb+quotation+ environment reverts to its usual meaning after the first sectioning command.) | |||||
Note that numbered references are allowed in the lead paragraph. | |||||
% | |||||
The lead paragraph will only be found in an article being prepared for the journal \textit{Chaos}. | |||||
\end{quotation} | |||||
\section{\label{sec:level1}First-level heading:\protect\\ The line | |||||
break was forced \lowercase{via} \textbackslash\textbackslash} | |||||
This sample document demonstrates proper use of REV\TeX~4.2 (and | |||||
\LaTeXe) in manuscripts prepared for submission to AIP | |||||
journals. Further information can be found in the documentation included in the distribution or available at | |||||
\url{http://authors.aip.org} and in the documentation for | |||||
REV\TeX~4.2 itself. | |||||
When commands are referred to in this example file, they are always | |||||
shown with their required arguments, using normal \TeX{} format. In | |||||
this format, \verb+#1+, \verb+#2+, etc. stand for required | |||||
author-supplied arguments to commands. For example, in | |||||
\verb+\section{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ stands for the title text of the | |||||
author's section heading, and in \verb+\title{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ | |||||
stands for the title text of the paper. | |||||
Line breaks in section headings at all levels can be introduced using | |||||
\textbackslash\textbackslash. A blank input line tells \TeX\ that the | |||||
paragraph has ended. | |||||
\subsection{\label{sec:level2}Second-level heading: Formatting} | |||||
This file may be formatted in both the \texttt{preprint} (the default) and | |||||
\texttt{reprint} styles; the latter format may be used to | |||||
mimic final journal output. Either format may be used for submission | |||||
purposes; however, for peer review and production, AIP will format the | |||||
article using the \texttt{preprint} class option. Hence, it is | |||||
essential that authors check that their manuscripts format acceptably | |||||
under \texttt{preprint}. Manuscripts submitted to AIP that do not | |||||
format correctly under the \texttt{preprint} option may be delayed in | |||||
both the editorial and production processes. | |||||
The \texttt{widetext} environment will make the text the width of the | |||||
full page, as on page~\pageref{eq:wideeq}. (Note the use the | |||||
\verb+\pageref{#1}+ to get the page number right automatically.) The | |||||
width-changing commands only take effect in \texttt{twocolumn} | |||||
formatting. It has no effect if \texttt{preprint} formatting is chosen | |||||
instead. | |||||
\subsubsection{\label{sec:level3}Third-level heading: Citations and Footnotes} | |||||
Citations in text refer to entries in the Bibliography; | |||||
they use the commands \verb+\cite{#1}+ or \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+. | |||||
Because REV\TeX\ uses the \verb+natbib+ package of Patrick Daly, | |||||
its entire repertoire of commands are available in your document; | |||||
see the \verb+natbib+ documentation for further details. | |||||
The argument of \verb+\cite+ is a comma-separated list of \emph{keys}; | |||||
a key may consist of letters and numerals. | |||||
By default, citations are numerical; \cite{feyn54} author-year citations are an option. | |||||
To give a textual citation, use \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+: (Refs.~\onlinecite{witten2001,epr,Bire82}). | |||||
REV\TeX\ ``collapses'' lists of consecutive numerical citations when appropriate. | |||||
REV\TeX\ provides the ability to properly punctuate textual citations in author-year style; | |||||
this facility works correctly with numerical citations only with \texttt{natbib}'s compress option turned off. | |||||
To illustrate, we cite several together \cite{feyn54,witten2001,epr,Berman1983}, | |||||
and once again (Refs.~\onlinecite{epr,feyn54,Bire82,Berman1983}). | |||||
Note that, when numerical citations are used, the references were sorted into the same order they appear in the bibliography. | |||||
A reference within the bibliography is specified with a \verb+\bibitem{#1}+ command, | |||||
where the argument is the citation key mentioned above. | |||||
\verb+\bibitem{#1}+ commands may be crafted by hand or, preferably, | |||||
generated by using Bib\TeX. | |||||
The AIP styles for REV\TeX~4 include Bib\TeX\ style files | |||||
\verb+aipnum.bst+ and \verb+aipauth.bst+, appropriate for | |||||
numbered and author-year bibliographies, | |||||
respectively. | |||||
REV\TeX~4 will automatically choose the style appropriate for | |||||
the document's selected class options: the default is numerical, and | |||||
you obtain the author-year style by specifying a class option of \verb+author-year+. | |||||
This sample file demonstrates a simple use of Bib\TeX\ | |||||
via a \verb+\bibliography+ command referencing the \verb+sorsamp.bib+ file. | |||||
Running Bib\TeX\ (in this case \texttt{bibtex | |||||
sorsamp}) after the first pass of \LaTeX\ produces the file | |||||
\verb+sorsamp.bbl+ which contains the automatically formatted | |||||
\verb+\bibitem+ commands (including extra markup information via | |||||
\verb+\bibinfo+ commands). If not using Bib\TeX, the | |||||
\verb+thebibiliography+ environment should be used instead. | |||||
\paragraph{Fourth-level heading is run in.}% | |||||
Footnotes are produced using the \verb+\footnote{#1}+ command. | |||||
Numerical style citations put footnotes into the | |||||
bibliography\footnote{Automatically placing footnotes into the bibliography requires using BibTeX to compile the bibliography.}. | |||||
Author-year and numerical author-year citation styles (each for its own reason) cannot use this method. | |||||
Note: due to the method used to place footnotes in the bibliography, \emph{you | |||||
must re-run BibTeX every time you change any of your document's | |||||
footnotes}. | |||||
\section{Math and Equations} | |||||
Inline math may be typeset using the \verb+$+ delimiters. Bold math | |||||
symbols may be achieved using the \verb+bm+ package and the | |||||
\verb+\bm{#1}+ command it supplies. For instance, a bold $\alpha$ can | |||||
be typeset as \verb+$\bm{\alpha}$+ giving $\bm{\alpha}$. Fraktur and | |||||
Blackboard (or open face or double struck) characters should be | |||||
typeset using the \verb+\mathfrak{#1}+ and \verb+\mathbb{#1}+ commands | |||||
respectively. Both are supplied by the \texttt{amssymb} package. For | |||||
example, \verb+$\mathbb{R}$+ gives $\mathbb{R}$ and | |||||
\verb+$\mathfrak{G}$+ gives $\mathfrak{G}$ | |||||
In \LaTeX\ there are many different ways to display equations, and a | |||||
few preferred ways are noted below. Displayed math will center by | |||||
default. Use the class option \verb+fleqn+ to flush equations left. | |||||
Below we have numbered single-line equations, the most common kind: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
\chi_+(p)\alt{\bf [}2|{\bf p}|(|{\bf p}|+p_z){\bf ]}^{-1/2} | |||||
\left( | |||||
\begin{array}{c} | |||||
|{\bf p}|+p_z\\ | |||||
px+ip_y | |||||
\end{array}\right)\;, | |||||
\\ | |||||
\left\{% | |||||
\openone234567890abc123\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% | |||||
\right\}% | |||||
\label{eq:one}. | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
Note the open one in Eq.~(\ref{eq:one}). | |||||
Not all numbered equations will fit within a narrow column this | |||||
way. The equation number will move down automatically if it cannot fit | |||||
on the same line with a one-line equation: | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
\left\{ | |||||
ab12345678abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% | |||||
\right\}. | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
When the \verb+\label{#1}+ command is used [cf. input for | |||||
Eq.~(\ref{eq:one})], the equation can be referred to in text without | |||||
knowing the equation number that \TeX\ will assign to it. Just | |||||
use \verb+\ref{#1}+, where \verb+#1+ is the same name that used in | |||||
the \verb+\label{#1}+ command. | |||||
Unnumbered single-line equations can be typeset | |||||
using the \verb+\[+, \verb+\]+ format: | |||||
\[g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow | |||||
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \] | |||||
\subsection{Multiline equations} | |||||
Multiline equations are obtained by using the \verb+eqnarray+ | |||||
environment. Use the \verb+\nonumber+ command at the end of each line | |||||
to avoid assigning a number: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1} | |||||
\delta_{\sigma_1,-\sigma_2} | |||||
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\ | |||||
&&\times | |||||
[\epsilon_jl_i\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1), | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2} | |||||
(N^2-1)\nonumber \\ | |||||
& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right) | |||||
\sum_{\text{perm}} | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}} | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}} | |||||
\sum_\tau c^f_\tau~. | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\textbf{Note:} Do not use \verb+\label{#1}+ on a line of a multiline | |||||
equation if \verb+\nonumber+ is also used on that line. Incorrect | |||||
cross-referencing will result. Notice the use \verb+\text{#1}+ for | |||||
using a Roman font within a math environment. | |||||
To set a multiline equation without \emph{any} equation | |||||
numbers, use the \verb+\begin{eqnarray*}+, | |||||
\verb+\end{eqnarray*}+ format: | |||||
\begin{eqnarray*} | |||||
\sum \vert M^{\text{viol}}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2} | |||||
(N^2-1)\\ | |||||
& &\times \left( \sum_{i<j}\right) | |||||
\left( | |||||
\sum_{\text{perm}}\frac{1}{S_{12}S_{23}S_{n1}} | |||||
\right) | |||||
\frac{1}{S_{12}}~. | |||||
\end{eqnarray*} | |||||
To obtain numbers not normally produced by the automatic numbering, | |||||
use the \verb+\tag{#1}+ command, where \verb+#1+ is the desired | |||||
equation number. For example, to get an equation number of | |||||
(\ref{eq:mynum}), | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow | |||||
q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \tag{2.6$'$}\label{eq:mynum} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
A few notes on \verb=\tag{#1}=. \verb+\tag{#1}+ requires | |||||
\texttt{amsmath}. The \verb+\tag{#1}+ must come before the | |||||
\verb+\label{#1}+, if any. The numbering set with \verb+\tag{#1}+ is | |||||
\textit{transparent} to the automatic numbering in REV\TeX{}; | |||||
therefore, the number must be known ahead of time, and it must be | |||||
manually adjusted if other equations are added. \verb+\tag{#1}+ works | |||||
with both single-line and multiline equations. \verb+\tag{#1}+ should | |||||
only be used in exceptional case - do not use it to number all | |||||
equations in a paper. | |||||
Enclosing single-line and multiline equations in | |||||
\verb+\begin{subequations}+ and \verb+\end{subequations}+ will produce | |||||
a set of equations that are ``numbered'' with letters, as shown in | |||||
Eqs.~(\ref{subeq:1}) and (\ref{subeq:2}) below: | |||||
\begin{subequations} | |||||
\label{eq:whole} | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
\left\{ | |||||
abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta | |||||
\frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2} | |||||
\right\},\label{subeq:1} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
{\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1} | |||||
(g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\ | |||||
&&\times | |||||
[\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1).\label{subeq:2} | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\end{subequations} | |||||
Putting a \verb+\label{#1}+ command right after the | |||||
\verb+\begin{subequations}+, allows one to | |||||
reference all the equations in a subequations environment. For | |||||
example, the equations in the preceding subequations environment were | |||||
Eqs.~(\ref{eq:whole}). | |||||
\subsubsection{Wide equations} | |||||
The equation that follows is set in a wide format, i.e., it spans | |||||
across the full page. The wide format is reserved for long equations | |||||
that cannot be easily broken into four lines or less: | |||||
\begin{widetext} | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
{\cal R}^{(\text{d})}= | |||||
g_{\sigma_2}^e | |||||
\left( | |||||
\frac{[\Gamma^Z(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
+\frac{[\Gamma^Z(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
\right) | |||||
+ x_WQ_e | |||||
\left( | |||||
\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(3,21)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{12}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
+\frac{[\Gamma^\gamma(13,2)]_{\sigma_1}}{Q_{13}^2-M_W^2} | |||||
\right)\;. \label{eq:wideeq} | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\end{widetext} | |||||
This is typed to show the output is in wide format. | |||||
(Since there is no input line between \verb+\equation+ and | |||||
this paragraph, there is no paragraph indent for this paragraph.) | |||||
\section{Cross-referencing} | |||||
REV\TeX{} will automatically number sections, equations, figure | |||||
captions, and tables. In order to reference them in text, use the | |||||
\verb+\label{#1}+ and \verb+\ref{#1}+ commands. To reference a | |||||
particular page, use the \verb+\pageref{#1}+ command. | |||||
The \verb+\label{#1}+ should appear in a section heading, within an | |||||
equation, or in a table or figure caption. The \verb+\ref{#1}+ command | |||||
is used in the text where the citation is to be displayed. Some | |||||
examples: Section~\ref{sec:level1} on page~\pageref{sec:level1}, | |||||
Table~\ref{tab:table1},% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table1}This is a narrow table which fits into a | |||||
text column when using \texttt{twocolumn} formatting. Note that | |||||
REV\TeX~4 adjusts the intercolumn spacing so that the table fills the | |||||
entire width of the column. Table captions are numbered | |||||
automatically. This table illustrates left-aligned, centered, and | |||||
right-aligned columns. } | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{lcr} | |||||
Left\footnote{Note a.}&Centered\footnote{Note b.}&Right\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
1 & 2 & 3\\ | |||||
10 & 20 & 30\\ | |||||
100 & 200 & 300\\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
and Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}. | |||||
\section{Figures and Tables} | |||||
Figures and tables are typically ``floats''; \LaTeX\ determines their | |||||
final position via placement rules. | |||||
\LaTeX\ isn't always successful in automatically placing floats where you wish them. | |||||
Figures are marked up with the \texttt{figure} environment, the content of which | |||||
imports the image (\verb+\includegraphics+) followed by the figure caption (\verb+\caption+). | |||||
The argument of the latter command should itself contain a \verb+\label+ command if you | |||||
wish to refer to your figure with \verb+\ref+. | |||||
Import your image using either the \texttt{graphics} or | |||||
\texttt{graphix} packages. These packages both define the | |||||
\verb+\includegraphics{#1}+ command, but they differ in the optional | |||||
arguments for specifying the orientation, scaling, and translation of the figure. | |||||
Fig.~\ref{fig:epsart}% | |||||
\begin{figure} | |||||
\includegraphics{fig_1}% Here is how to import EPS art | |||||
\caption{\label{fig:epsart} A figure caption. The figure captions are | |||||
automatically numbered.} | |||||
\end{figure} | |||||
is small enough to fit in a single column, while | |||||
Fig.~\ref{fig:wide}% | |||||
\begin{figure*} | |||||
\includegraphics{fig_2}% Here is how to import EPS art | |||||
\caption{\label{fig:wide}Use the \texttt{figure*} environment to get a wide | |||||
figure, spanning the page in \texttt{twocolumn} formatting.} | |||||
\end{figure*} | |||||
is too wide for a single column, | |||||
so instead the \texttt{figure*} environment has been used. | |||||
The analog of the \texttt{figure} environment is \texttt{table}, which uses | |||||
the same \verb+\caption+ command. | |||||
However, you should type your caption command first within the \texttt{table}, | |||||
instead of last as you did for \texttt{figure}. | |||||
The heart of any table is the \texttt{tabular} environment, | |||||
which represents the table content as a (vertical) sequence of table rows, | |||||
each containing a (horizontal) sequence of table cells. | |||||
Cells are separated by the \verb+&+ character; | |||||
the row terminates with \verb+\\+. | |||||
The required argument for the \texttt{tabular} environment | |||||
specifies how data are displayed in each of the columns. | |||||
For instance, a column | |||||
may be centered (\verb+c+), left-justified (\verb+l+), right-justified (\verb+r+), | |||||
or aligned on a decimal point (\verb+d+). | |||||
(Table~\ref{tab:table4}% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table4}Numbers in columns Three--Five have been | |||||
aligned by using the ``d'' column specifier (requires the | |||||
\texttt{dcolumn} package). | |||||
Non-numeric entries (those entries without | |||||
a ``.'') in a ``d'' column are aligned on the decimal point. | |||||
Use the | |||||
``D'' specifier for more complex layouts. } | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{ccddd} | |||||
One&Two&\mbox{Three}&\mbox{Four}&\mbox{Five}\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
one&two&\mbox{three}&\mbox{four}&\mbox{five}\\ | |||||
He&2& 2.77234 & 45672. & 0.69 \\ | |||||
C\footnote{Some tables require footnotes.} | |||||
&C\footnote{Some tables need more than one footnote.} | |||||
& 12537.64 & 37.66345 & 86.37 \\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
illustrates the use of decimal column alignment.) | |||||
Extra column-spacing may be be specified as well, although | |||||
REV\TeX~4 sets this spacing so that the columns fill the width of the | |||||
table. | |||||
Horizontal rules are typeset using the \verb+\hline+ | |||||
command. | |||||
The doubled (or Scotch) rules that appear at the top and | |||||
bottom of a table can be achieved by enclosing the \texttt{tabular} | |||||
environment within a \texttt{ruledtabular} environment. | |||||
Rows whose columns span multiple columns can be typeset using \LaTeX's | |||||
\verb+\multicolumn{#1}{#2}{#3}+ command | |||||
(for example, see the first row of Table~\ref{tab:table3}).% | |||||
\begin{table*} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table3}This is a wide table that spans the page | |||||
width in \texttt{twocolumn} mode. It is formatted using the | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. It also demonstrates the use of | |||||
\textbackslash\texttt{multicolumn} in rows with entries that span | |||||
more than one column.} | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{ccccc} | |||||
&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^1$}&\multicolumn{2}{c}{$D_{4h}^5$}\\ | |||||
Ion&1st alternative&2nd alternative&lst alternative | |||||
&2nd alternative\\ \hline | |||||
K&$(2e)+(2f)$&$(4i)$ &$(2c)+(2d)$&$(4f)$ \\ | |||||
Mn&$(2g)$\footnote{The $z$ parameter of these positions is $z\sim\frac{1}{4}$.} | |||||
&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(4e)$&$(2a)+(2b)$\\ | |||||
Cl&$(a)+(b)+(c)+(d)$&$(2g)$\footnote{This is a footnote in a table that spans the full page | |||||
width in \texttt{twocolumn} mode. It is supposed to set on the full width of the page, just as the caption does. } | |||||
&$(4e)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
He&$(8r)^{\text{a}}$&$(4j)^{\text{a}}$&$(4g)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
Ag& &$(4k)^{\text{a}}$& &$(4h)^{\text{a}}$\\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\end{table*} | |||||
The tables in this document illustrate various effects. | |||||
Tables that fit in a narrow column are contained in a \texttt{table} | |||||
environment. | |||||
Table~\ref{tab:table3} is a wide table, therefore set with the | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. | |||||
Lengthy tables may need to break across pages. | |||||
A simple way to allow this is to specify | |||||
the \verb+[H]+ float placement on the \texttt{table} or | |||||
\texttt{table*} environment. | |||||
Alternatively, using the standard \LaTeXe\ package \texttt{longtable} | |||||
gives more control over how tables break and allows headers and footers | |||||
to be specified for each page of the table. | |||||
An example of the use of \texttt{longtable} can be found | |||||
in the file \texttt{summary.tex} that is included with the REV\TeX~4 | |||||
distribution. | |||||
There are two methods for setting footnotes within a table (these | |||||
footnotes will be displayed directly below the table rather than at | |||||
the bottom of the page or in the bibliography). | |||||
The easiest | |||||
and preferred method is just to use the \verb+\footnote{#1}+ | |||||
command. This will automatically enumerate the footnotes with | |||||
lowercase roman letters. | |||||
However, it is sometimes necessary to have | |||||
multiple entries in the table share the same footnote. | |||||
In this case, | |||||
create the footnotes using | |||||
\verb+\footnotemark[#1]+ and \verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+. | |||||
\texttt{\#1} is a numeric value. | |||||
Each time the same value for \texttt{\#1} is used, | |||||
the same mark is produced in the table. | |||||
The \verb+\footnotetext[#1]{#2}+ commands are placed after the \texttt{tabular} | |||||
environment. | |||||
Examine the \LaTeX\ source and output for Tables~\ref{tab:table1} and | |||||
\ref{tab:table2}% | |||||
\begin{table} | |||||
\caption{\label{tab:table2}A table with more columns still fits | |||||
properly in a column. Note that several entries share the same | |||||
footnote. Inspect the \LaTeX\ input for this table to see | |||||
exactly how it is done.} | |||||
\begin{ruledtabular} | |||||
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc} | |||||
&$r_c$ (\AA)&$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$& | |||||
&$r_c$ (\AA) &$r_0$ (\AA)&$\kappa r_0$\\ | |||||
\hline | |||||
Cu& 0.800 & 14.10 & 2.550 &Sn\footnotemark[1] | |||||
& 0.680 & 1.870 & 3.700 \\ | |||||
Ag& 0.990 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Pb\footnotemark[2] | |||||
& 0.450 & 1.930 & 3.760 \\ | |||||
Au& 1.150 & 15.90 & 2.710 &Ca\footnotemark[3] | |||||
& 0.750 & 2.170 & 3.560 \\ | |||||
Mg& 0.490 & 17.60 & 3.200 &Sr\footnotemark[4] | |||||
& 0.900 & 2.370 & 3.720 \\ | |||||
Zn& 0.300 & 15.20 & 2.970 &Li\footnotemark[2] | |||||
& 0.380 & 1.730 & 2.830 \\ | |||||
Cd& 0.530 & 17.10 & 3.160 &Na\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 0.760 & 2.110 & 3.120 \\ | |||||
Hg& 0.550 & 17.80 & 3.220 &K\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 1.120 & 2.620 & 3.480 \\ | |||||
Al& 0.230 & 15.80 & 3.240 &Rb\footnotemark[3] | |||||
& 1.330 & 2.800 & 3.590 \\ | |||||
Ga& 0.310 & 16.70 & 3.330 &Cs\footnotemark[4] | |||||
& 1.420 & 3.030 & 3.740 \\ | |||||
In& 0.460 & 18.40 & 3.500 &Ba\footnotemark[5] | |||||
& 0.960 & 2.460 & 3.780 \\ | |||||
Tl& 0.480 & 18.90 & 3.550 & & & & \\ | |||||
\end{tabular} | |||||
\end{ruledtabular} | |||||
\footnotetext[1]{Here's the first, from Ref.~\onlinecite{feyn54}.} | |||||
\footnotetext[2]{Here's the second.} | |||||
\footnotetext[3]{Here's the third.} | |||||
\footnotetext[4]{Here's the fourth.} | |||||
\footnotetext[5]{And etc.} | |||||
\end{table} | |||||
for an illustration. | |||||
All AIP journals require that the initial citation of | |||||
figures or tables be in numerical order. | |||||
\LaTeX's automatic numbering of floats is your friend here: | |||||
just put each \texttt{figure} environment immediately following | |||||
its first reference (\verb+\ref+), as we have done in this example file. | |||||
\begin{acknowledgments} | |||||
We wish to acknowledge the support of the author community in using | |||||
REV\TeX{}, offering suggestions and encouragement, testing new versions, | |||||
\dots. | |||||
\end{acknowledgments} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{Appendixes} | |||||
To start the appendixes, use the \verb+\appendix+ command. | |||||
This signals that all following section commands refer to appendixes | |||||
instead of regular sections. Therefore, the \verb+\appendix+ command | |||||
should be used only once---to set up the section commands to act as | |||||
appendixes. Thereafter normal section commands are used. The heading | |||||
for a section can be left empty. For example, | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A'' and | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\appendix | |||||
\section{Background} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
will produce an appendix heading that says ``APPENDIX A: BACKGROUND'' | |||||
(note that the colon is set automatically). | |||||
If there is only one appendix, then the letter ``A'' should not | |||||
appear. This is suppressed by using the star version of the appendix | |||||
command (\verb+\appendix*+ in the place of \verb+\appendix+). | |||||
\section{A little more on appendixes} | |||||
Observe that this appendix was started by using | |||||
\begin{verbatim} | |||||
\section{A little more on appendixes} | |||||
\end{verbatim} | |||||
Note the equation number in an appendix: | |||||
\begin{equation} | |||||
E=mc^2. | |||||
\end{equation} | |||||
\subsection{\label{app:subsec}A subsection in an appendix} | |||||
You can use a subsection or subsubsection in an appendix. Note the | |||||
numbering: we are now in Appendix~\ref{app:subsec}. | |||||
\subsubsection{\label{app:subsubsec}A subsubsection in an appendix} | |||||
Note the equation numbers in this appendix, produced with the | |||||
subequations environment: | |||||
\begin{subequations} | |||||
\begin{eqnarray} | |||||
E&=&mc, \label{appa} | |||||
\\ | |||||
E&=&mc^2, \label{appb} | |||||
\\ | |||||
E&\agt& mc^3. \label{appc} | |||||
\end{eqnarray} | |||||
\end{subequations} | |||||
They turn out to be Eqs.~(\ref{appa}), (\ref{appb}), and (\ref{appc}). | |||||
\nocite{*} | |||||
\bibliography{sorsamp}% Produces the bibliography via BibTeX. | |||||
\end{document} | |||||
% | |||||
% ****** End of file sorsamp.tex ****** |